NUR 220 IVs
- Intravenous access
Answer Overarching term for peripheral IVs and central line access
- IV access advantages
- Immediate access for fluid/electrolyte maintenance or replacement
- Meds via IV route have faster onset and more predictable effect
- Provides access for supplemental or total nutrition replacement
- Allows for transfusion of blood and blood products
Answer
- IV solutions
Answer Considered medications (6 rights and 3 checks)
- Patient, time, solution, route, rate, documentation Choice of IV fluid based on purpose of
therapy
- IVFs classified as
Answer Crystalloids Colloids
- Crystalloids
Answer Categorized based on tonicity of the fluid compared with normal blood plasma
- Hypotonic, isotonic, or hypertonic solutions
- Colloids 1 / 3
Answer Plasma expanders
- Contain protein or starch -> particles remain intact and unable to pass through capillary
- Used to reestablish blood volume and oncotic pressure
membrane
- Colloids examples
Answer Albumin, dextran, blood products
- Hypotonic IV solutions
Answer Causes fluid shift into the cell
- Hypotonic IV solutions treat what
Answer Hypernatremia, severe dehydration
- Hypotonic IV solutions risks
Answer Intracellular swelling, water intoxication, swelling of brain cells -> increased ICP, cardiovascular collapse
- Common hypotonic solutions
Answer 0.33% NS 0.45% NS (half NS)
12. D5W
Answer Starts as isotonic, but transforms into a hypotonic solution as dextrose is metabolized
- Isotonic IV solutions 2 / 3
Answer Tonicity is the same as blood Increase intravascular volume Does NOT cause fluid shifts in and out of cells
- Isotonic IV solutions risk
Answer Circulatory overload
- Common isotonic solutions
Answer 0.9% NS Lactated Ringers
16. 0.9% NS
Answer Used for replacement of fluid, sodium, chloride ONLY fluid used to begin or finish blood transfusion!!!!
Do not use in those with heart failure, edema, hypernatremia
- 0.9% NS prolonged use
Answer Hypernatremia, circulatory overload
- Lactated Ringers
Answer Contains sodium, potassium, calcium, chloride, lactate Most closely resembles blood plasma
Used mainly with surgery, trauma, burns, severe diarrhea Expensive Do not use in those with renal or liver disease
- Hypertonic IV solutions
- / 3
Answer