1. List the four main categories microbial are involved our lives and provide details for each.

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BIOS 251 unit 1

• List the four main categories microbial are involved our lives and provide details for each.

–Answer

• Microbes are the basis of life on earth/all life on earth needs microbes

ii. Microbes are to produce a lot of what we use in a daily basis

iii. Microbes are involved in our health and causing disease -more microbes then cells in our human body, -help process our food,

• some microbes in our gi track produce nutrient,

-we our covered in microbes,

• can cause short term illness,

-can also cause long term illness such as cancer and hiv/aids,

iv. microbes effect history and current events -penicillin has helped survived infection, -the black plague brought from Asia wiped out 1/3 of Europe, -smallpox is the first disease eradicated by the use of vaccines and has been used as an agent of bio warfare

• What is a microbe?

–Answer Organism that we cannot see without a lens

• What is the resolution of the human eye?

–Answer

• 1 to 0.2 millimeters
• What does the term resolution mean?

–Answer Being able to differentiate (being able to tell the difference between two objects)

• What are the three main categories/groups of microbes and which microbes fall into each 1 / 3

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category?–Answer

• Prokaryotes (two types)

-Bacteria(involved in keeping us healthy and causing disease) -Archaea

ii. Eukaryotes (four types) -algae -fungi -protozoa -helminths(infectious worms) iii. acellular microbes(not made of cells)(two types) -viruses -prions

• Explain what Janssen, Hooke, and,van Leeuwenhoek did to aid in the devel- opment of the

discipline of microbiology.–Answer

• Janssen
• 1590, developed lenses

ii. Hooke

• 1660, first to observe cells

iii. van Leewenhoek

• 1676, he was the first to observe microbes
• Explain what spontaneous generation is and the "evidence" people had for this idea.

–Answer

• Spontaneous generation- the idea that life forms as we know them can arise from non-living

components.( life can just show up)

• Explain how Redi disproved the idea of spontaneous generation

–Answer he took three identical flask of meat and covered one with rubber one with gaws, and left one open 2 / 3

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as he obersved after a few days he realized the ones with gaws and the one that was open attracted flies. In the jar the was completely sealed nothing happened. The other two the flies would surround it and lay their eggs. After a few more days the eggs turned into maggots. The experiment showed that flies make maggots not meat. This disapproved spontaneous generation

• Did Redi do this for macroorganisms or microorganisms?

–Answer macro organism

• What is a macro organisms?

–Answer things that we can see

• Explain how Pasteur disproved the idea of spontaneous generation

–Answer he took two identical flask(swan neck flask) He filled each of them with broth, and boiled them both to make sure everything was dead. He then broke the neck off the second flask and waited a few days to observe the two flask. The flask that he broke the neck of had microbial growth in it.

• Did Pasteur do this for macro organisms or microorganisms?

–Answer Microorgan- isms

• Why is this such an important thing for Pasteur to have done?

–Answer This shows microorganisms don't use spontaneous generation, they as well needs parents( have to come from another living organism

• Explain what the term "biogenesis" means

–Answer

• is the theory that states living organism have to come from other living organisms

• Why are Spontaneous generation and biogeneis so critical in microbiolo- gy?

–Answer Because these ideas allow us to have control over living organisms

• What did people think caused disease before they understood microbes might be a source

of disease?

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