1. Multicellular organisms

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Bios 260 unit 2

• Multicellular organisms

–Answer an organism consisting of more then one cell

• Sterols

–Answer -found in eukaryotic membranes -their rigidity makes eukaryotic membranes more stable .

• Photosynthesis

–Answer -some organisms use this to create energy from sunlight.

• Fungi

–Answer -unicellular and multicellular organisms -Eukaryotic -Chitin cell wall -heterotrophic (get nutrients from breaking down organic compounds, and mostly dead things)

• Yeast

–Answer a microscopic fungus consisting of single oval cells that reproduce by budding, and are capable of converting sugar into alcohol and carbon dioxide.

• Molds

–Answer a furry growth of minute fungal hyphae occurring typically in moist warm conditions, especially on food or other organic matter.

• Dimorphic 1 / 3

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–Answer the tendency of some fungi pathogens to alter their growth form from mold to yeast in response to rising temperature

• Substrate

–Answer The specific molecule upon which an enzyme acts

• Saprobe

–Answer A microbe that decomposes organic remains from dead organisms. Also known as saprophyte or saprotroph

• Mycosis

–Answer any disease caused by a fungus

• Algae

–Answer -group of photosynthetic organisms -have all of the eukaryotic organelles, and chloroplasts -produce mosts of the earths oxygen and a main component of plankton -rarely infectious

• Protista

–Answer -term used for unicellular and simple multi cellular organisms -2 major categories are algae and protozoa

• Helminths

–Answer -parasitic worms that are eukaryotes -multicellular 2 / 3

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-round worms and flat worms are the two major groups

• What is the function of the cell wall and which organisms have chitin Vs. cellulose

–Answer They are a rigid structure on the outside of the cell that provide structural support and shape.Fungi have cell walls made out of chitin, while algae have cell walls made out of cellulose

• Which organisms contain ergosterol in the membrane

–Answer contained in fungi cell membrane

• Major fungal infections of humans

–Answer Tinea versicolor Superficial skin infection Ringworm Caused by fungus! cause rings on skin found where there is keratin Cadidiasis Yeast infection Coccidioidomycosis San Joaquin valley fever. fungal lung infection Cryptococcus Torrulosis (lung infection)

• What does candida albicans commonly cause?

–Answer Yeast infections

• Ringworm is caused by which type of organism

–Answer

FUNGI!

• What are some benefits of fungi

–Answer -Play an essential role in decomposition of organic matter. (return essential minerals and nutrients to soil)

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