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Microbiology Portage Learning Module 2- Questions and Answers | Latest Version | 2025/2026 | Correct & Verified
What structure allows bacteria to move toward or away from a stimulus?✔✔ Flagella
What is the sticky outer layer that helps bacteria adhere to surfaces?✔✔ Capsule
What is the process by which bacteria reproduce asexually?✔✔ Binary fission
What is the region in a bacterial cell where DNA is concentrated?✔✔ Nucleoid
What type of cell wall contains a thick layer of peptidoglycan?✔✔ Gram-positive
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What type of cell wall contains a thin peptidoglycan layer and an outer membrane?✔✔ Gram-negative
What dye is used as the primary stain in Gram staining?✔✔ Crystal violet
What color do Gram-positive bacteria appear after Gram staining?✔✔ Purple
What color do Gram-negative bacteria appear after Gram staining?✔✔ Pink
What is the function of the bacterial cell wall?✔✔ Provides shape and protection
What is the process of killing or removing all microorganisms including spores?✔✔ Sterilization
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What is the term for microorganisms that can survive without oxygen?✔✔ Anaerobes
What is the term for microorganisms that require oxygen to grow?✔✔ Aerobes
What structure protects bacteria in harsh environments by going dormant?✔✔ Endospore
What part of the microscope is critical for resolving bacterial shapes?✔✔ Oil immersion lens
What term describes bacteria arranged in chains?✔✔ Strepto
What term describes bacteria arranged in clusters?✔✔ Staphylo
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