2024 CPPS 303 - Lipids 2 Intestinal Lipid Metabolism

2024 CPPS 303 - Lipids 2 ( Intestinal Lipid Metabolism ) Complete Questions & Answers (Solved) 100% Correct

• Effects of a High Lipid Diet

Answer: Dietary lipid overload = Metabolic diseases

1) Increased Lipid absorption

• Increased intestinal lipid retention causing IBD and colorectal cancer

2) Increase in Adiposity

• Obesity

2a) Type 2 diabetes

• decreased insulin sensitivity and glucose tolerance

2b) Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD)

• Leads to Atherosclerosis (Hyperlipidemia)

• What are all the lipids digested by enzymes in the intestinal lumen? (4)

Answer:

• TAGs
• Cholesteryl esters (CE)
• Phospholipids (PL)
• Endogenous lipids from bile

• General Process of Triacylglycerol Digestion and Absorption

Answer:

1) Digestion of TAGs in intestinal lumen

2) Uptake of products into Enterocyte

3) Trafficking to ER

4) Re-esterification at ER

5) Metabolic Fates

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• TAG Structure

Answer: glycerol backbone + 3 FA

• 1) Digestion of TAGs in intestinal lumen

Answer: Lingual, gastric and pancreatic lipase digest TAGs into FAs and

monoacylglycerol

• Pancreatic Lipase

Answer: Breaks TAG into:

• Two FAs

- 2-MAG

• What are the digestion products of Cholesteryl esters (CE)

Answer: Cholesterol

• What are the digestion products of Phospholipids (PL)

Answer: Lysophospholipids (LPLs)

• Enterocyte

Answer: Intestinal cells that absorb nutrients.

• Polar cell (Apical faces intestinal lumen, basolateral faces bloodstream)

• 2) Uptake of products into Enterocyte

Answer: FA and 2-MAG enter the enterocyte through

• Passive Diffusion
• Facilitated Diffusion

• Enterocyte Passive Diffusion

Answer: Lipids flow with concentration gradient into the enterocyte

• LPLs are taken up passively

• Enterocyte Facilitated Diffusion

Answer:

CD36

• Transports MAG into enterocyte

FATP4 (Fatty acid transport protein 4)

• Transports FAs into enterocyte
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