2024 NSCA CSCS Study Guide (Chapter 1) Latest Q&A in Study Guide - A++ Guaranteed!
- A-Band
Answer: Dark area of Sarcomere corresponding to Myosin
- Acetylcholine
Answer: Major neurotransmitter that crosses neuromuscular junction and causes
excitation of the sarcolemma. In sufficient amount creates action potential along sarcolemma and muscle contraction.
- Actin
Answer: Thin myofilament (6nm). Anchored at the Z-line. One of 2 components that make up a myofibril (actin/myosin). Closely associated with Troponin and Tropomyosin forming a double-helix.
- Action Potential
Answer: Electrical nerve impulse that drives muscle contraction. The AP originates in the cortex and via motor neurons to the motor unit drives the release of calcium from the sarcoplasmic reticulum into the myofibril.
- All-or-None Principle
Answer: A stronger AP does not produce a stronger contraction. Above a specific
threshold the contraction is the same, below that threshold there is no contraction.
- Alveolar Pressure
Answer: Pressure inside of the alveoli when the glottis is open and no air is flowing into or out of the lungs. During inspiration alveolar pressure must be below ATM pressure, during expiration alveolar pressure must be above ATM pressure.
- Alveoli
Answer: Smallest respiratory branch, highest generation (23rd) where gas is
exchanged in respiration.
- Aortic Valve
Answer: Semilunar valve that prevents back flow from Aorta during diastole
(ventricular relaxation).
- Atrioventricular Bundle (AV Bundle)
Answer: Part of conduction system of the heart by relaying impulse to ventricles.
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- Atrioventricular Node (AV Node)
Answer: Part of conduction system of the heart in the posterior septal wall of the R Atrium. Delays impulse slightly before relaying to the AV Bundle in order to allow Atria to completely contract and fully pump blood into the Ventricles.
- Atrioventricular Valves
Answer: The Tricuspid (Right), and Bicuspid (Mitral) (Left), valve separate the
atrium from ventricles and prevent back flow into Atria during Systole (ventricular contraction).
- Biaxial Joints
Answer: Allow movement about 2 perpendicular axes.
- Bone Periosteum
Answer: Specialized connective tissue surrounding all bone in which the muscle
tendons connect.
- Bronchi
Answer: 2nd generation passages in the respiratory tree stemming from the trachea and giving rise to bronchioles.
- Bronchiole
Answer: 3rd generation-22nd generation passages in the respiratory tree stemming from the Bronchi and giving rise to alveoli.
- Crossbridge
Answer: What forms between the Myosin head and Actin molecule.
- Depolarization
Answer: The reversal of the membrane electrical potential, whereby the normally
negative potential inside the membrane becomes slightly positive and the outside becomes slightly negative.
- Diffusion
Answer: a simple random motion of molecules moving in opposite directions
through the alveolar capillary membrane. Net diffusion occurs from a region of high concentration to low concentration.
- Endomysium
Answer: Surrounds each muscle fiber and is continuous with the Sarcolemma.
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