2024 VTNE Exam Prep Pain Management New Full Questions and Answers ( Included ) 100% Correct
- When performing a lameness examination in a horse, perineural anesthesia is used to localize the site
of lameness. The most common medication used to perform perineural anesthesia in a horse is what drug?Lidocaine Ketamine Flunixin meglumine Phenylbutazone Butorphanol Answer: Lidocaine is a local anesthetic that is used to perform perineural anesthesia during a lameness examination. Ketamine is a dissociative anesthetic; butorphanol is an opioid analgesic.Flunixin and phenylbutazone are systemically administered analgesics.
- A 4-year old male intact Jack Russell is recovering post-operatively after a lung lobectomy following
a coyote attack. The dog is very painful. Which of the following combinations of medications may be given as a constant rate infusion and is commonly used for pain control in the critical care setting?
Morphine, lidocaine, ketamine Diazepam, ketamine, morphine Medetomidine, acepromazine, lidocaine Propofol, morphine, bupivacaine Answer: Morphine, lidocaine, and ketamine (MLK), re- member the word "milk," is often given as a constant rate infusion for pain in dogs.
Propofol is a short acting anesthetic without analgesic properties. Diazepam is given as a CRI to control seizures but not typically for analgesia. Acepromazine also is not an analgesic and is not typically administered as a CRI.
- Impulses are carried away from the neuronal cell body by which of the following structures?
Axon Dendrite Afferent nerve
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Spinous process Answer: The axon is the nerve cell projection that conducts the electrical impulses away from the neuronal cell body.
- When placing an epidural in a dog or cat, the spinal needle is inserted into the space located between
which two vertebrae?
L6, S1
L7, S1
L8, S1
L6, L7
Answer: There are 7 lumbar vertebrae, when placing an epidural it is done between the seventh lumbar vertebra and the first sacral vertebra.
- A dog presents to your hospital to have surgery for a cranial cruciate ligament rupture (see x-ray).
The veterinarian wants you to place an epidural after the patient is under anesthesia and before the procedure is performed. While performing the epidural you get blood in the hub of the spinal needle.What does this mean and what should you do?
You have created a hematoma going through the skin, you should withdraw the needle and start over.
You have entered the sinus and you should give only 1/2 the dose of anesthetic.
You have entered the sinus, you should withdraw the needle and start over.
You have created a hematoma going through the skin, it is ok to administer the full dose of anesthetic once the needle is in its proper place.Answer: If you see blood flow into the spinal needle it means that you have entered a venous sinus, the needle should be removed and the procedure can be started again.
- What is the term that describes nerve fibers that carry an impulse TOWARD the brain?
Efferent
Afferent Peripheral Dendritic Answer: Afferent fibers carry impulses toward the brain and/or spinal cord. Effer- ent fibers carry them
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