3700 Test 3 -Talor -Valdosta State University Types of Disabilities - ANSWER-Physical disabilities, Psychiatric, Mental retardation, and learning disabilities
Psychological functioning can attenuate/exaggerate impact - ANSWER-Adjustment to disability, vocational self-concept, self-esteem, emotionality-maturity
Impact adjustment to physical disability - ANSWER-The importance of impact differs by type of physical disability and actual time period
Onset Issue with Physical Disabilities - ANSWER-Onset impacts on the person's physical and psychological adjustment to disability, and the person's family, social, and educational histories. Onset varies by disability type and task.
S.O.C. exercise applied to rehabilitation - ANSWER-Counselor has a great deal of power over how selections, optimizations, and compensations may work. Rehabilitation can make formal and external, a process which is often informal and internal for many of us.
How do you make S.O.C. explicit? - ANSWER-Write out goals, seek information, seek alternatives, develop strategies, find allies/resources
What are examples of old view? - ANSWER-Notion is that people with disabilities are not capable, including areas "outside" of their disabilities. This view reoccurred in 1976 when hearings were held to change this civil code
What is the current psychological view of disability? - ANSWER-Vash's (1981): Many people with disabilities are normal people reacting to abnormal stimuli; Good adjustment must include removing environmental barriers
Selective Optimization with Compensation (S.O.C.) - ANSWER-Optimizing strategies are used to acquire our selections, or compensate by changing strategies or changing goals. Adults select activities based on abilities, interests, and opportunities.
S.O.C. as normative - ANSWER-Population: adolescents, young/old adults, and people with disabilities.
Example: a young adult may not select as they can "do it all." When energy or skills to attain a goal are lacking, one either increases motivation or skills to achieve the goal, or change the goal 1 / 2
Distinguish between disability and handicap - ANSWER-Disability: based on a person; General concept- a medically diagnosable physical or mental impairment that limits the person's functioning
Handicapped: based on environment; Refers to specific situations or settings
Factors impacting extent of handicap - ANSWER-Environmental accessibility, acquired vocational skills and potential for acquiring such skills, and psychological functioning.
Example: Wheelchair users and accessible workstations
- Principles of Universal Design - ANSWER-1. Equitable Use
- Flexibility in Use
- Simple and intuitive use
- Perceptible Information
- Tolerance for error
- Low physical effort
- Size and space for approach and use
Universal Design Solutions - ANSWER-This is a new federal and now social initiative to create living spaces which are functional and accessible. This term refers to creating new home structures, furniture, and appliances everyone (with/without disabilities) can use
Skill Acquisition - ANSWER-A key factor in rehabilitation vocational training.Identification of skills in doing tasks related to earning income is an essential first step in rehabilitation. Intelligence relates to potential, personality and motivation is important
Reaction to Disability Issue with Physical Disabilities - ANSWER-Common reactions are denial, over-dependency, passivity/withdrawal, aggression, and compensation/identification. Denial may lead to nonacceptance.
Problem: Social support and training/education will impact reaction
Change in body image Issue with Physical Disabilities - ANSWER-Coping, accept/reject, self-esteem; Can be a threat to themselves
Adjustments to disability onset: phases of coping? - ANSWER-Shock, expectancy of recovery, mourning, defense and adjustment
Sexuality Issues for people with disabilities - ANSWER-in 1999, 31% men and 43% women ages 18-60 meet criteria for sexual dysfunctions at least once. Medical
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