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505 APEA – Respiratory Questions and Answers | Latest Version | 2025/2026 | Correct & Verified
What is the primary cause of airway obstruction in asthma?✔✔ Inflammation and bronchospasm of the airways
Which symptom is most common in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD)?✔✔ Persistent cough with sputum production
What physical exam finding is characteristic of pneumothorax?✔✔ Decreased breath sounds and hyperresonance on the affected side
How does oxygen therapy benefit patients with hypoxemia?✔✔ Increases the amount of oxygen available for gas exchange in the lungs
What is the most common trigger for an acute asthma exacerbation?✔✔ Respiratory infections
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Which diagnostic test is used to confirm the diagnosis of pulmonary embolism?✔✔ CT pulmonary angiography
What is the hallmark symptom of pulmonary fibrosis?✔✔ Progressive dyspnea on exertion
What lung sound is typically heard in patients with pneumonia?✔✔ Crackles (rales) over the affected lung area
How does chronic bronchitis contribute to respiratory symptoms?✔✔ Excess mucus production leading to airway obstruction and cough
What is the mechanism of action of beta-2 agonists in treating asthma?✔✔ Relaxation of bronchial smooth muscle causing bronchodilation
Which arterial blood gas change is typical in acute respiratory acidosis?✔✔ Elevated PaCO2 and decreased pH
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What physical sign indicates severe respiratory distress?✔✔ Use of accessory muscles and nasal flaring
How does emphysema affect lung function?✔✔ Destruction of alveolar walls leading to decreased surface area for gas exchange
What is the typical presentation of a patient with acute bronchitis?✔✔ Cough lasting more than five days, often with sputum production
Which medication class is commonly used as maintenance therapy in COPD?✔✔ Long-acting bronchodilators
What physical exam finding is suggestive of atelectasis?✔✔ Dullness to percussion and decreased breath sounds over the collapsed area
How does pulmonary edema affect oxygenation?✔✔ Fluid accumulation in alveoli impairs gas exchange leading to hypoxia
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