7th Edition Haveles Test Bank

Applied Pharmacology for the Dental Hygienist 7th Edition Haveles Test Bank

Chapter 01: Information Sources, Regulatory Agencies, Drug Legislation, and

Prescription Writing

Haveles: Applied Pharmacology for the Dental Hygienist, 7th Edition

MULTIPLE CHOICE

1. Knowledge of pharmacology aids the dental professional in:

• obtaining a patient’s health history.
• administering drugs in the office.
• handling emergency situations.
• lifelong learning.
• all of the above.

ANS: E

Correct: All of the choices are true.

Incorrect choices: Because many of our patients are being treated with drugs, knowledge of pharmacology helps in understanding and interpreting patients’ responses to health history questions. Knowledge of the therapeutic and adverse effects of medications obviously helps in their proper administration in the office. Emergency situations may be caused by drugs or treated by drugs; thus, knowledge of pharmacology is of great help, especially because a rapid response is sometimes required. A clear understanding of the concepts of drug action, drug handling by the body, and drug interactions will allow the dental practitioner to make proper judgments and grasp the concepts relevant to new drug therapies on the market.

REF: Role of the Dental Hygienist | pp. 3-4 OBJ: 1

• Which of the following statem

N U en R tsS is I tN ru G e T re B ga .rd C inO g M planning appointments?

• Whether or not patients are taking medication for systemic diseases is of little

consequence in the dental office.

• Asthmatic patients should have dental appointments in the morning.
• Diabetic patients usually have fewer problems with a morning appointment

compared with afternoon appointments.

• Both b and c are true.

ANS: C

Correct: Diabetic patients usually have relatively fewer problems with a morning appointment.Incorrect choices: Asthmatic patients should have afternoon appointments. Patients taking medication for systemic diseases may require special handling in the dental office.

REF: Role of the Dental Hygienist (Appointment Scheduling) | p. 3

OBJ: 1

3. Nutritional or herbal supplements:

• carry the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approval for disease states.
• are not drugs.
• can cause adverse effects.
• will not interact with other drugs the patient may be taking.

ANS: C 1 / 4

Correct: Nutritional or herbal supplements are quite capable of causing adverse effects.Incorrect choices: The majority of nutritional or herbal supplements do not carry FDA approval for treating disease states. These supplements are drugs and can cause adverse effects and interact with different drugs.

REF: Role of the Dental Hygienist (Nutritional or Herbal Supplements) | pp. 3-4

OBJ: 1

• Which type of drug name usually begins with a lowercase letter?
• Brand name
• Code name
• Generic name
• Trade name

ANS: C

Correct: Before any drug is marketed, it is given a generic name that becomes the “official” name of the drug. Each drug is assigned only one generic name selected by the U.S. Adopted Name Council, and the name is not capitalized.Incorrect choices: The brand name is equivalent to the trade name and is capitalized. Although the brand name is technically the name of the company marketing the product, this term is often used interchangeably with the trade name. The code name is the initial term used within a pharmaceutical company to refer to a drug while it is undergoing investigation and is often a combination of capital letters and numbers, the letters representing an abbreviation of the company name.

REF: Drug Names | p. 5 OBJ: 3

• A drug’s generic name is seleN

cUteR d SbyI tNheG

: T

B.C O M

• pharmaceutical company manufacturing it.
• Food and Drug Administration (FDA).
• U.S. Adopted Name Council.
• Federal Patent Office.

ANS: C

Correct: Each drug is assigned only one generic name (e.g., ibuprofen). It is selected by the United States Adopted Name Council.Incorrect choices: The generic name is not selected by the FDA or the Federal Patent Office.The pharmaceutical company manufacturing the drug clearly has an influence on the generic name given its drug, but the final decision is not the company’s.

REF: Drug Names | p. 5 OBJ: 4

• Which of the following is true concerning generic and trade names of drugs?
• A drug may only have one generic name and one trade name.
• A drug may only have one generic name, but it may have several trade names.
• A drug may have several generic names, but it may only have one trade name.
• A drug may have several generic names and several trade names.

ANS: B

Correct: Each drug has only one generic name but may have several trade names. 2 / 4

Incorrect choices: For each drug, there is only one generic name. It is not capitalized, and it becomes the “official” name of the drug. The pharmaceutical company discovering the drug gives the drug a trade name. The trade name is protected by the Federal Patent Law for 20 years from the earliest claimed filing date, plus patent term extensions. Although the brand name is technically the name of the company marketing the product, it is often used interchangeably with the trade name.

REF: Drug Names | p. 4 OBJ: 3

• Which of the following is the most common reference book in the dental office?
• United States Pharmacopeia-Drug Information (USP DI)
• Physicians’ Desk Reference (PDR)
• Mosby’s Dental Drug Reference
• Lexi-Comp’s Drug Information Handbook for Dentistry

ANS: B

Correct: The PDR is the most common reference book in the dental office because of its historically inexpensive price. Information provided comes directly from the manufacturer’s package insert.Incorrect choices: The USP DI provides the health professional with necessary information regarding basic pharmacology and pharmacokinetics, dosing, adverse reactions, and drug interactions. Mosby’s Dental Drug Reference provides access to information on drugs commonly taken by patients. Lexi-Comp’s Drug Information Handbook for Dentistry contains concise lists of drug attributes and sections relevant to dentistry for each drug.

REF: Box 1-2: Pharmacologic References and Resources Recommended for the Dental Office | p. 4

OBJ: 2

• How many years must pass after a drug patent expires before other drug companies can

market the same compound as a generic drug?

• 20 years
• 17 years
• 7 years
• 0 years

ANS: D

Correct: Once a drug patent expires, competing companies may immediately market the same compound in generic form.Incorrect choices: After 17 years, the patent of the original drug expires, and other companies can market the same compound under a generic name.

REF: Drug Names (Drug Substitution) | p. 5 OBJ: 4

• Two drug formulations that produce similar concentrations in the blood and tissues after drug

administration are termed equivalent.

• chemically
• biologically
• therapeutically

ANS: B 3 / 4

Correct: Biologic equivalence refers to identical pharmacokinetic parameters of two drug formulations (bioequivalence, for short).Incorrect choices: Chemical equivalence indicates that two formulations of a drug meet the chemical and physical standards established by the regulatory agencies. Therapeutic equivalence means that two formulations produce the same therapeutic effects over the same duration.

REF: Drug Names (Drug Substitution) | p. 5 OBJ: 4

• The federal body that determines whether a drug is considered a controlled substance and to

which schedule it belongs is the:

• Food and Drug Administration (FDA).
• Federal Trade Commission (FTC).
• Drug Enforcement Administration (DEA).
• United States Pharmacopeia (USP).

ANS: C

Correct: The DEA regulates the manufacture and distribution of substances with abuse potential. Hence prescriber DEA numbers must appear on prescriptions for controlled substances.Incorrect choices: The FDA does not have any special powers in regard to drugs of abuse. The FTC regulates commerce and advertising claims of foods, over-the-counter (OTC) products, and cosmetics. The USP regulates the uniformity and purity of drugs.

REF: Federal Regulations and Regulatory Agencies (Drug Enforcement Administration) | p. 5

OBJ: 5

• Which federal regulatory bodN

yUisR pSarI t NofG thTeB U..SC . ODM epartment of Health and Human Services

(DHHS)?

• FDA
• OTC
• FTC
• DEA

ANS: A

Correct: Of the legitimate agencies listed, only the FDA is part of DHHS.

Incorrect choices: OTC is a nonsense answer. It is an abbreviation for “over-the-counter” as in medications that may be purchased without a prescription. The FTC is an independent agency that reports to the U.S. Congress on its actions. The DEA is a part of the Department of Justice.

REF: Federal Regulations and Regulatory Agencies (Food and Drug Administration) | p. 5

OBJ: 5

• Which federal regulatory body regulates the trade practices of drug companies and prohibits

false advertising of foods, nonprescription drugs, and cosmetics?

• FDA
• FTC
• DEA
• OBRA
• / 4