a piece of DNA that provides a set of instructions to a cell to make a certain protein

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BIOS 195 Vocab

• gene

–Answer a piece of DNA that provides a set of instructions to a cell to make a certain protein

• Prokaryotic

–Answer cells do NOT have a nucleus. ex. bacteria, archaea

• Eukaryotic

–Answer cells do have a nucleus. ex. plants, animals, fungi, protists

• binary fission

–Answer A form of asexual reproduction in single-celled organisms by which one cell divides into two cells of the same size

• Eukaryotic chromosomes

–Answer linear chromosomes, -every species has a different number of chromosomes, -composed of chromatin

• chromatin

–Answer a complex of DNA and proteins

• karyotype

–Answer particular array of chromosomes in an organism

• haploid

–Answer

• set. sex cells, n, ex. humans n=23
• diploid 1 / 2

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–Answer

• sets, 1 set from mom, 1 set from dad, most body/somatic cells, ex. humans 2n=46
• polypoid

–Answer

• or more sets of chromosomes, ex. sterile bananas are 3n
• kinetochores

–Answer replicated chromosomes are connected to each other at this

• sister chromatids

–Answer

• copies of the chromosome within the replicated chromo- some
• metaphase plate

–Answer imaginary plane through the center of the cell where the chromosomes align

• cytokinesis

–Answer cleavage of the cell into equal halves (cellular division)

• biosphere

–Answer all living communities

• biome

–Answer widespread terrestrial ecosystem

• tropical

–Answer warm, in tropics, little seasonal variation in temp, day length, variation in rainfall

• temperate

–Answer seasonal variation in temp., daylength

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