a. study of the body

Anatomical Basis of Dentistry 4th Edition Liebgott Test Bank

Chapter 01: General Concepts

Liebgott: The Anatomical Basis of Dentistry, 4th Edition

MULTIPLE CHOICE

• “Anatomy” comes from Greek root words that mean .”
• “study of the body
• “to classify
• “to cut up
• “study of movement
• “replica of the gods

ANS: C

To cut up. Anatomy is derived from two Greek root words that mean “to cut up.”

• The term applied to the study of human form and structure as seen with the naked eye is

.

• gross anatomy
• neuroanatomy
• imaging anatomy
• cellular analysis
• physical examination

ANS: A

Gross anatomy. Gross anatomy is the study of human form and structure as seen with the naked eye.

• The study of details of anatomical structure to the level of basic tissue and cell architecture is

.

• neurology
• regional anatomy
• microbiology
• immunology
• histology

ANS: E

Histology. Histology is the study of details of human tissue as seen through a microscope, ranging from basic tissue and cell architecture to ultrastructural elements of tissues and cells.

• Noninvasive study of living subjects as revealed by radiography, magnetic resonance imaging,

or ultrasonography is .

• surface anatomy
• imaging anatomy
• neuroanatomy
• gross anatomy
• X-ray studies

ANS: B

Imaging anatomy. Imaging anatomy is the noninvasive study of living or dead subjects by conventional radiography, magnetic resonance imaging, or ultrasonography. 1 / 4

• Which connective tissue contains chondroblasts and has no neurovascular elements?
• Blood vessels
• Bone
• Ligaments
• Cartilage
• Muscle

ANS: D

Cartilage. Cartilage is the supporting connective tissue consisting of cells (chondroblasts, which give rise to chondrocytes). There are no neurovascular elements within cartilage.

• In its early stages, the fetal skeleton consists primarily of .
• sesamoid bone
• cartilage
• short bone
• condyle
• epicondyle

ANS: B

Cartilage. During early development, most of the fetal skeleton is present as cartilage.

• Calcification is a characteristic of .
• cartilage
• muscle
• vessels
• nerves
• bone

ANS: E

Bone. The intercellular matrix of bone becomes calcified for rigidity and strength.

• Which of the following statements is true about bone?
• Interstitial growth is not possible, and appositional growth takes place only below

the covering periosteal layer.

• Periosteum consists of an outer layer of osteoblasts and a fibrous inner layer.
• Blood cells are formed in the fibrous outer layer.
• White blood cells and phosphorus are stored in bone.
• All of the above

ANS: A

Because of bone’s rigid structure, interstitial growth is not possible. Appositional growth takes place only below the covering layer of bone. Periosteum consists of a fibrous outer layer and an inner layer of osteoblasts. Blood cells are formed in bone marrow.

• Diploë is found in .
• long bones
• short bone
• condyles
• epicondyles
• flat bones 2 / 4

ANS: E

Flat bones. Flat bones consist of a sandwich: two layers of compact bone encasing a cancellous layer called the diploë.

• The rounded end of a bone with a smooth articular surface covered by cartilage is .
• epicondyle
• sesamoid
• condyle
• trochanter
• crest

ANS: C

Condyle. The condyle is the rounded or widened end of a bone with a smooth articular surface covered by cartilage. The epicondyle is a ridge of bone above the condyle that provides muscle attachment.

• The malleolus is found on bones of the .
• upper arm
• leg
• thigh
• shoulder
• skull

ANS: B

Leg. The malleoli are two bony prominences found on bones of the leg that serve to bind the lower leg to the ankle. Malleoli are not found on any other bones.

• A gently rounded depressionNinU

bRoS neItN haGt T mBay.pCroO vMide space for muscles or a concave area for joint surfaces is a .

• foramen
• fissure
• fossa
• sesamoid
• tubercle

ANS: C

Fossa. Fossa is a gently rounded depression that in some cases provides space for muscles and in other cases denotes the smooth concave area for joint surfaces.

• Foramen ovale and foramen magnum both describe which feature of bone?
• A notch in the end of a bone.
• An elongated space between two bones.
• A rounded depression that provides space for muscle.
• A raised process or ridge.
• A hole for nerves and vessels to pass through.

ANS: E

A hole for nerves and vessels to pass through. Foramen is a hole in the bone that allows structures such as nerves and vessels to pass through.

• Which of the following statements is FALSE?
• A joint is an articulation between two or more bones. 3 / 4

• Amphiarthrodial joints allow partial movement.
• Joints may be composed of fibrous connective tissue, cartilage, or a combination

of both.

• All joints allow some movement.
• A syndesmosis is a type of fibrous joint.

ANS: D

All of the statements are true, except D. Synarthrodial joints allow no movement between the bones they unite.

• The peg-and-socket articulation between the roots of teeth and the maxillary or mandibular

alveolar process is what type of joint?

• Syndesmosis
• Gomphosis
• Suture
• Diarthrodial
• None of the above

ANS: B

Gomphosis. A gomphosis joint is in the form of a peg-and-socket articulation between the roots of teeth and the maxillary or mandibular alveolar process.

• The temporomandibular joint is an example of a _ .
• fibrous joint containing a disc
• fibrous joint without a disc
• cartilaginous joint
• synovial joint containing a disc
• symphysis joint

ANS: D

Synovial joint. A synovial joint is freely movable. Some synovial joints contain discs interposed between articular surfaces. The temporomandibular joint is an example of a synovial joint containing a disc.

• A freely moveable shoulder is an example of a .
• ball-and-socket multiaxial joint
• hinge joint
• uniaxial joint
• plane joint
• condyloid joint

ANS: A

Ball-and-socket multiaxial joint. A ball-and-socket multiaxial joint has one bony surface that is ball-shaped and a second surface that is a reciprocal socket, which allows movement in all planes. The shoulder is an example of a ball-and-socket multiaxial joint.

• The three types of muscle tissue in the body are _ .
• temporalis, cardiac, and striated
• skeletal, striated, and cardiac
• cardiac, smooth, and fibrous
• smooth, fibrous, and temporalis
• / 4