AAPD QE Board Exam
What is the heart rate of a healthy 4 year old? 10 year old? - ANSWER-4 year old: 100 bpm
10 year old: 90 bpm
How big should a blood pressure cuff be? - ANSWER-2/3 upper arm length
(Small gives high reading, large gives low reading)
What 4 ways is the airway anatomy different in children than adults? - ANSWER-1.Narrow trachea, glottis, nasal passages
- Larger tongue, epiglottis
- Small mandible
- Increased airway resistance
What are the specific requirements for moderate sedation rescue? - ANSWER-Bag- valve-mask ventilation
Advanced pediatric airway skills training
ASA I - ASA VI - ANSWER-ASA I: Normal, healthy patient
ASA II: Mild systemic disease (controlled asthma, pregnant women)
ASA III: Severe systemic disease (wheezing child)
ASAS IV: Severe systemic disease that is a constant threat to life
ASA V: Moribund patient not expected to survive the operation
ASA VI: Braid dead
What are the three morphologic stages of a developing tooth bud? - ANSWER-Bud stage Cap stage 1 / 3
Bell stage
During the bell stage invagination of the epithelium occurs, which layer is essential for enamel production? - ANSWER-Stratum intermedium
Which cells does the stellate reticulum support and protect? - ANSWER-Ameloblasts
What do remnants of Hertwig's epithelial root sheath persist as? - ANSWER-Rests of Malassez
What is the origin of the dental papilla? - ANSWER-Neural crest cells
What layer do neural crest cells develop from? - ANSWER-Ectoderm
At what embryonic age does the dental lamina begin to develop? - ANSWER-6 weeks
What are the three components of the tooth bud? - ANSWER-Enamel Organ Dental papilla Dental sac
What does the dental papilla differentiate in to? - ANSWER-Dentin and primordium of pulp
What are enamel pearls? - ANSWER-Cells of epithelial root sheath that remain attached to dentin. Differentiate into ameloblasts and produce enamel
What are the 7 steps (in order) of histophyisological differentiation of a tooth bud? - ANSWER-Initiation Proliferation Histodifferentiation Morphodifferentiation Apposition Mineralization Maturation
During which stage of tooth development may problems that lead to anomalies of tooth number occur? - ANSWER-Initiation
Which three stages of tooth development encompasses the bud, cap, early bell and late bell? - ANSWER-Proliferation Histodifferentiation Morphodifferentiation
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Disruptions of proliferation may result in what type of tooth anomalies? (4) - ANSWER- Size Proportion Numbers Twinning
Which stage of tooth development may lead to anomalies of the enamel, dentin, and cementum? - ANSWER-Morphodifferentiation
What is the incidence of hyperdontia? Males vs females? - ANSWER-0.3 - 3%
Males 2:1 females
Is hyperdontia more common in maxilla or mandible? More common in primary teeth or permanent teeth? - ANSWER-Maxilla 90% Permanent dentition 5x more common that primary
Which permanent teeth are most frequently missing? List in order from most to least common - ANSWER-Third molars Mandibular second pre molars Maxillary lateral incisors Maxillary second pre molars
Name 9 syndromes that may be associated with supernumerary teeth - ANSWER-Apert Cleidocranial dysplasia Gardner syndrome Crouzon syndrome Sturge Weber syndrome Orofacialdigital Syndrome I Hallermann-Strieff Syndrome - A Cleft lip and palate Down syndrome
Which syndrome is associated with shovel shaped incisors?
- Sturge Weber Syndrome
- Cleidocranial dysplasia
- Apert syndrome
- Hallermann Strieff Syndrome-A - ANSWER-C. Apert Syndrome
Narrow high palate Cleft of soft palate Delayed or ectopic eruption Shovel shaped incisors Hypoplastic midface
Which syndrome is associated with osteomas of the jaw?
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