ABRAMS CLINICAL DRUG THERAPY RATIONALES FOR NURSING

TEST BANK FOR

ABRAMS’ CLINICAL DRUG THERAPY RATIONALES FOR NURSING

PRACTICE

13TH EDITION

GERALYN FRANDSEN

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Chapter 1, The Foundation of Pharmacology: Quality and Safety

• A woman diagnosed with obsessive–compulsive disorder has been prescribed oral

paroxetine hydrochloride. What is the expected effect for this prescription?

• Curative effect on symptoms
• Systemic effect on symptoms
• Local effect on symptoms
• Parenteral effect on symptoms

ANS: B

Rationale: Drugs that produce systemic effects are taken into the body, circulated through the bloodstream to their sites of action in various body tissues, and eventually eliminated from the body. Curative agents are given to cure a disease process. In this case, paroxetine hydrochloride will control the symptoms but not cure the disorder. Drugs with local effects, such as sunscreen and local anesthetics, act mainly at the site of application. Paroxetine hydrochloride is not administered parenterally. Parenteral agents are administered subcutaneously, intramuscularly, or intravenously.PTS: 1 REF: p. 3, Introduction OBJ: 1 NAT: Client Needs: Physiological Integrity: Pharmacological and Parenteral Therapies TOP: Chapter: 1: The Foundation of Pharmacology: Quality and Safety KEY: Integrated Process: Nursing Process BLM: Cognitive Level: Understand NOT: Multiple Choice

• A client has been prescribed an antibiotic. This medication is a naturally occurring

substance that has been chemically modified. What is another name for this type of medication?

• Synthetic drug
• Semisynthetic drug
• Biotechnology drug
• Prototype drug

ANS: B

Rationale: Semisynthetic drugs (e.g., many antibiotics) are naturally occurring substances that have been chemically modified. Synthetic drugs are more standardized in their chemical characteristics, more consistent in their effects, and less likely to produce allergic reactions.Biotechnology drugs involve manipulating DNA and RNA and recombining genes into hybrid molecules that can be inserted into living organisms. Prototype drugs are the first drug of a particular group to be developed.

PTS: 1 REF: p. 3, Drug Sources OBJ: 1 NAT: Client Needs: Physiological Integrity: Pharmacological and Parenteral Therapies TOP: Chapter: 1: The Foundation of Pharmacology: Quality and Safety KEY: Integrated Process: Nursing Process BLM: Cognitive Level: Understand NOT: Multiple Choice

• Which classification applies to morphine?
• Central nervous system depressant
• Central nervous system stimulant
• Anti-inflammatory
• Antihypertensive

ANS: A

Rationale: Drugs are classified according to their effects on particular body systems, their therapeutic uses, and their chemical characteristics. Morphine is classified as a central nervous system depressant and will produce this effect in the client. A central nervous 2 / 4

system stimulant increases attention and raises mood. An anti-inflammatory agent decreases inflammation at the site of tissue or joint inflammation. An antihypertensive agent reduces blood pressure.

PTS: 1 REF: p. 3, Drug Classifications and Prototypes

OBJ: 1

NAT: Client Needs: Physiological Integrity: Pharmacological and Parenteral Therapies TOP: Chapter: 1: The Foundation of Pharmacology: Quality and Safety KEY: Integrated Process: Nursing Process BLM: Cognitive Level: Remember NOT: Multiple Choice

• A client is administered amoxicillin. The generic name of this medication belongs to which

drug group?

• Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors
• Diuretics
• Penicillins
• ACE inhibitors

ANS: C

Rationale: The generic name often indicates the drug group (e.g., drugs with generic names ending in “cillin” are penicillins). Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors are medications that have antidepressant effects; SSRI is a broad classification, not a generic name. Diuretics are medications that increase urine output; diuretic is a broad classification, not a generic name. ACE inhibitor is the broad classification for the angiotensin receptor blockers, not the generic name.

PTS: 1 REF: p. 3, Drug Names OBJ: 2 NAT: Client Needs: Physiological Integrity: Pharmacological and Parenteral Therapies TOP: Chapter: 1: The Foundation of Pharmacology: Quality and Safety KEY: Integrated Process: Nursing Process BLM: Cognitive Level: Understand NOT: Multiple Choice

• The administration of diphenhydramine is regulated by which U.S. government agency?
• Public Health Service
• Federal Trade Commission
• Occupational Safety and Health Administration
• Food and Drug Administration

ANS: D

Rationale: The Food and Drug Administration approves drugs for over-the-counter

availability, including the transfer of drugs from prescription to OTC status, and may require clinical trials to determine the safety and effectiveness of OTC use. The Public Health Service is regulated by the state to maintain the health of individual citizens of the state. The Federal Trade Commission regulates imports and exports throughout the nation.The Occupational Safety and Health Administration regulates safety within the workplace.PTS: 1 REF: p. 4, Prescription and Nonprescription Drugs

OBJ: 4

NAT: Client Needs: Physiological Integrity: Pharmacological and Parenteral Therapies TOP: Chapter: 1: The Foundation of Pharmacology: Quality and Safety KEY: Integrated Process: Nursing Process BLM: Cognitive Level: Understand NOT: Multiple Choice 3 / 4

• In the U.S., the administration of anabolic steroids is regulated by which law?
• The Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act of 1938
• The Comprehensive Drug Abuse Prevention and Control Act
• The Harrison Narcotic Act
• The Sherley Amendment

ANS: B

Rationale: The Comprehensive Drug Abuse Prevention and Control Act regulates the manufacture and distribution of narcotics, stimulants, depressants, hallucinogens, and anabolic steroids. The Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act of 1938 revised and broadened FDA powers and responsibilities, giving the FDA control over drug safety. The Harrison Narcotic Act restricted the importation, manufacture, sale, and use of opium, cocaine, marijuana, and other drugs that the act defined as narcotics. The Sherley Amendment of 1912 prohibited fraudulent claims of drug effectiveness.

PTS: 1 REF: p. 4, Prescription and Nonprescription Drugs

OBJ: 3

NAT: Client Needs: Physiological Integrity: Pharmacological and Parenteral Therapies TOP: Chapter: 1: The Foundation of Pharmacology: Quality and Safety KEY: Integrated Process: Nursing Process BLM: Cognitive Level: Remember NOT: Multiple Choice

• A nurse is responsible for maintaining an accurate count and record of the controlled

substances on the nursing division. This nursing action is regulated by which U.S. law or agency?

• The Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act of 1938
• The Public Health Service
• The Drug Enforcement Administration
• The Sherley Amendment

ANS: C

Rationale: The Drug Enforcement Administration enforces the Controlled Substances Act.Under this enforcement, nurses are responsible for storing controlled substances in locked containers, administering them only to the people for whom they are prescribed, recording each dose given, and maintaining an accurate inventory. The Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act of 1938 revised and broadened FDA powers and responsibilities, giving the FDA control over drug safety. The Public Health Service is regulated by the state to maintain the health of individual citizens of the state. The Sherley Amendment of 1912 prohibited fraudulent claims of drug effectiveness.

PTS: 1 REF: p. 7, Testing Procedure OBJ: 4 NAT: Client Needs: Physiological Integrity: Pharmacological and Parenteral Therapies TOP: Chapter: 1: The Foundation of Pharmacology: Quality and Safety KEY: Integrated Process: Nursing Process BLM: Cognitive Level: Understand NOT: Multiple Choice

• In Phase 1 clinical trials, the potential uses and effects of a new drug are determined by

which method?

• Administering doses to healthy volunteers
• Administering doses to people with the disease
• Administering in placebo-controlled design
• Calculating the risk-to-benefit ratio

ANS: A

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