Advanced Pharmacology Final Exam Review Questions with Complete Solutions Why are nitrate-free periods every 24 hours necessary for the patient on nitroglycerin therapy? - Correct Answer To inhibit the development of tolerance What does a low level of thyroid-stimulating hormone indicate? - Correct Answer Hyperthroidism What would be the best option to treat a newly diagnosed patient with a low TSH level with? - Correct Answer Propanolol (Inderal) Spironoaldactone (Aldactone) has what mechanism of action (MOA)? - Correct Answer Aldosterone antagonist Heparin exerts its therapeutic action by what? - Correct Answer Upregulating the activity of one of the body's natural anticoagulant molecules, antithrombin III What physiologic action happens when the offending drug is administered during an anaphylactic reaction. - Correct Answer Mast cells liberate large doses of histamine.What are two systemic psoriasis medications? - Correct Answer Photo-therapy and topical corticosteroids What is the first choice of drug therapy for the majority of patients with uncomplicated stage I hypertension? - Correct Answer Thiazide diuretics What is the effect of cardiac glycosides? - Correct Answer Digitalis glycosides have a negative chronotropic effect on the cardiac muscle cells.Amenorrhea is the most common side effect of which birth control medication? - Correct Answer Medroxyprogesterone (Depo-Provera) 1 / 2
What is an anti-hypertensive agent which competes with epinephrine for available beta-receptor sites? - Correct Answer Atenolol (Tenormin) What type of action does nitrates have on the body? - Correct Answer Reduction in systemic venous tone.What is the recommended level of low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL) for patients with known coronary artery disease? - Correct Answer 100mg/dl or less.What is the MOA of group IV anti-dysrhythmia drugs? - Correct Answer Depressing phase 4 depolarization and lengthening phases 1 and 2 repolarization.Which drug therapy should be used to lower the serum concentration of thyroid hormones and re- establish eumetabolic state in a patient with Graves' disease? - Correct Answer Anti-thyroid drugs.Which type of diuretic would be used for a stage I hypertension in a patient with renal insufficiency? - Correct Answer Loop diuretic.What drug should be considered as first-line therapy for a client with hypertension and heart failure? - Correct Answer Enalapril (Vasotec) Which drug is considered safe for hypertension treatment during pregnancy? - Correct Answer Methyldopa (Aldomet) What drug will reduce afterload because it is an alpha-adrenergic blocker? - Correct Answer Prazosin (Minipress) What is an expected effect of the use of a beta-adrenergic blocker to control angina? - Correct Answer Reduced force of cardiac contraction.What side effect should be monitored closely in the elderly when taking Metformin (Glucophage) for type 2 diabetes? - Correct Answer Lactic acidosis.
- / 2