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ALS/ACLS - Red Cross Final Exam Questions and Answers | Latest Version | 2025/2026 | Correct & Verified
How does early CPR improve survival in cardiac arrest?✔✔ It maintains circulation to vital organs until defibrillation is available.
What is the recommended rescue breathing rate for a patient with a pulse but no normal breathing?✔✔ One breath every 6 seconds.
Why should excessive ventilation be avoided during rescue breathing?✔✔ It can increase intrathoracic pressure and reduce blood return to the heart.
What medication is the first-line drug in cardiac arrest?✔✔ Epinephrine.
How often should epinephrine be administered during cardiac arrest?✔✔ Every 3 to 5 minutes. 1 / 3
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What is the preferred IV access route for medication administration in cardiac arrest?✔✔ Peripheral IV, but intraosseous (IO) access is an alternative.
How soon should defibrillation be performed in a witnessed cardiac arrest?✔✔ As soon as an AED is available.
What rhythm is the most common initial presentation of sudden cardiac arrest?✔✔ Ventricular fibrillation (VF).
What is the purpose of defibrillation?✔✔ To reset the heart’s electrical activity and restore a normal rhythm.
How long should a pulse check take during a cardiac arrest assessment?✔✔ No more than 10 seconds.
What action should be taken if an AED advises "no shock advised"?✔✔ Resume high-quality CPR immediately. 2 / 3
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What is the recommended depth of chest compressions for an adult during CPR?✔✔ At least 2 inches (5 cm).
How fast should chest compressions be performed in high-quality CPR?✔✔ At a rate of 100 to 120 compressions per minute.
Why is minimizing interruptions in chest compressions critical?✔✔ It helps maintain circulation and improves survival outcomes.
When should a rescuer switch compressors during CPR in a team setting?✔✔ Every 2 minutes or sooner if fatigued.
What is the first shock energy dose for a biphasic AED?✔✔ Follow the manufacturer’s recommendations, typically 120-200 joules.
What is the most effective intervention for a witnessed ventricular fibrillation (VF) arrest?✔✔ Immediate defibrillation.
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