ANATOMY AND PHYSIOLOGY

HESI A2 Exam (Anatomy - Physiology - Vocabulary

• Reading Comprehension - Grammar) Latest

VERSION 2022

ANATOMY AND PHYSIOLOGY

• Movement of water across a membrane

Osmosis

• Cartilaginous connection between articulating bones made up of cartilage

• Synovial joints highly moveable hinge, pivot, saddle

• Two types of asexual reproduction?

Binary fission and mitosis

• What links the nasopharynx to the middle ear?

Eustachian tube

• Calciferol is controlled by?

Parathyroid

• Endocytosis

Engulfs and brings in

• Exocytosis

Fuses within plasma membrane and releases content outside of cell

• Pituitary gland produces

Adrenocorticotropic hormone GH

• Adrenal gland secretes

Cortisol and aldosterone

• Aerobic respiration takes place in the mitochondria and requires oxygen

and glucose, and produces carbon dioxide, water, and energy.

• Anaerobic respiration also produces energy and uses glucose, but it

produces less energy and does not require oxygen.

• What part of the respiratory system is I the upper respiratory?

Bronchioles, alveolar ducts, and alveoli 1 / 4

• Aerobic respiration happens in presence of

Oxygen

• Which of the following statements is anatomically correct?
• The knee is distal to the ankle.
• The heart is inferior to the diaphragm
• The his is proximal to the knee
• The wrist is proximal to the elbow
• If you wanted to separate the abdominal cavity for the thoracic cavity, which plane would

you use?

• Sagittal
• Transverse
• Frontal
• Coronal
• You have been given a sample tissue that has pillar shaped cells arranged tightly together.

The tissue you have is:

• Squamous Epithelium
• Cuboidal Epithelium
• Columnar Epithelium
• Transitional Epithelium

18. The epidermis is classified as a(n):

• Cell
• Tissue
• Organ
• System
• The orthopedic surgeon informs you that you have broken the middle region of the humerus.

What area is he describing?

• Epiphysis
• Articular cartilage
• Perichondrium
• Diaphysis

20. Going for superior to inferior, the sequence of the vertebral column is:

• Sacral, coccyx, thoracic, lumbar, and cervical
• Coccyx, sacral, lumber, thoracic, and cervical
• Cervical, lumbar, thoracic, sacral, and coccyx
• Cervical, thoracic, lumbar, sacral, and coccyx
• Which of the following is true of skeletal muscle? (select all that apply)
• Skeletal muscle comprises 10% of the body’s weight. 2 / 4

• Skeletal muscle attaches to bones by tendons
• Muscle contraction helps keep the body warm
• Skeletal muscles continuously contract to maintain posture.

• If an impulse is traveling from a sense receptor toward the spinal cord, it is traveling along

what type of neuron?

• Motor neuron
• Sensory neuron
• Interneuron
• Bipolar neuron
• What does the parathyroid hormone regulate?
• Magnesium
• Calcium
• Calcitonin
• Glucocorticoids
• Which of the following epithelial types is correctly matched with its major function?
• Simple squamous epithelium – secretion or absorption
• Stratified squamous epithelium – changes shape when stretched
• Stratified squamous epithelium – diffusion
• Simple columnar epithelium – secretion or absorption 3 / 4

• A tissue examined under the microscope exhibits the following characteristics: cells found on

the internal surface of the stomach, no extracellular matrix, cells tall and thin, no blood vessels in the tissue. What type of tissue is this?

• Epithelial
• Connective muscle
• Cartilage
• Nervous

VOCABULARY

• A paroxysm is a sudden spasm. Another word for this might be

Symptom Convulsion Efficacy Embolism

• The meteorologist had forecast rain, Sheila brought her umbrella to work.

Nor Yet Because So

• Which of the following is spelled correctly?

Embarassing Embarrassing Embarassing Embarrasing

• Select the correct word for the blank in the following sentence. Nurse Junko and

will review the patient’s chart.She Them Me Him

• / 4