N5315 - Advanced Pathophysiology - Cardiomyopathies and Heart Failure (Lecture) questions with computer solutions Tend to result from the neurohormonal responses to ischemic heart disease or hypertension - Correct Answers Cardiomyopathies tend to result from what?Infectious disease, toxins, systemic connective tissue disorders, nutritional deficiencies, and infiltrative disorders - Correct Answers What are other causes of cardiomyopathies?Affect the myocardium layer of the heart impairing contractility or restricting blood flow through the heart - Correct Answers What do the pathological consequences of cardiomyopathies affect?
- - Correct Answers How many types of cardiomyopathies are there?
Dilated (DCM); Hypertrophic (HCM); Restrictive - Correct Answers What are the 3 types of cardiomyopathies?Dilated (DCM) - Correct Answers Which cardiomyopathy is characterized by a dilated left ventricle?A worn out ballon; a balloon which has become over stretched and can no longer hold its normal shape - Correct Answers What can you compare Dilated (DCM) cardiomyopathy to?Unable to contract sufficiently - Correct Answers What is a dilated ventricle unable to do?Volume overload and pulmonary edema - Correct Answers What do people with DCM have difficulty with?Fatigue, dyspnea, S3 heart sound - Correct Answers What are the clinical manifestations of DCM?Ischemia secondary to MI - Correct Answers DCM is most often caused by what?Valvular heart disease, diabetes, renal failure, hyperthyroidism, alcohol use (thiamine deficiency which decreases ATP production), cocaine use, peripartum complications, genetic disorders, infection 1 / 2
such as Coxsackle B virus, hemochromatosis, and doxorubicin toxicity - Correct Answers What are some other causes of DCM?Hypertrophic (HCM) cardiomyopathy - Correct Answers What is the most common cause of sudden death in young adults?A familial, autosomal dominant disorder; most commonly associated with gene defects on chromosome 11 - Correct Answers What is the most common HCM?Hypertrophy of the interventricular septum and to a lesser extent the left ventricular wall - Correct Answers What are the pathologic characteristics of HCM?May result in an obstruction of the outflow of blood from the left ventricle through the aortic valve; obstruction is not always present - Correct Answers Hypertrophy of the interventricular septum in HCM may result in what?The left ventricle is non-compliant and does not relax well; known as diastolic dysfunction; consequently the left ventricle does not fill well - Correct Answers What happens to the left ventricle in HCM?Syncope, angina, systolic ejection murmur and left-sided heart failure - Correct Answers What are the clinical manifestations of HCM?Infiltrative cardiomyopathy - Correct Answers What is restrictive cardiomyopathy also known as?Amyloidosis, myocardial fibrosis after open heart surgery, radiation, sarcoidosis, and systemic sclerosis - Correct Answers Restrictive cardiomyopathy is commonly caused by what?A diastolic dysfunction of the left ventricle which ultimately leads to progressive left- and right-sided heart failure - Correct Answers What does the pathological damage of restrictive cardiomyopathy result in?A syndrome which results from myocardial injury - Correct Answers What is heart failure?Myocardial damage from ischemic heart disease, cardiomyopathies, valvular heart disease, and myocarditis - Correct Answers Heart failure is the end result of what?
- / 2