HESI A2 Anatomy and Physiology What is histology?(ANS- The study of tissues What is a tissue?(ANS- A group of cells that act together to perform a specific function.What are the fundamental tissues?(ANS- Epithelial Connective Muscle Nerve (Elephants Can Make News) What is the function of epithelial cells?(ANS- Cover, line, and protect the body and the internal organs.What is the function of connective tissue?(ANS- Framework of the body. Provides support and structure to organs.What is neuroglia?(ANS- The neurons and connective tissue cells that compose nerve tissue.What ability does muscle tissue have?(ANS- Ability to contract and shorten.What is muscle tissue classified as?(ANS- Voluntary(skeletal muscles) and involuntary(smooth & cardiac) What is meiosis?(ANS- The cell division that takes place in the gonads, i.e. the ovaries and testes.What two layers compose the skin?(ANS- Epidermis and dermis.What is the epidermis?(ANS- The outermost protective layer of dead keratinized epithelial cells. 1 / 3
What is the dermis?(ANS- The underlying layer of connective tissue with blood vessels, nerve endings, and the associated skin tissues.What are the layers of the epidermis?(ANS- Corneum Lucidum Granulosum Germivatum ( basale & spinosum)
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What does the protein pigment melanin protect against?(ANS- Radiation from the Sun What is the dermis composed of?(ANS- Fibrous connective tissue with nerve endings, blood vessels, sensory nerve endings, hair follicles, and glands.What are the 2 types of sweat glands?(ANS- ecrine & apocrine What do ecrine sweat glands produce?(ANS- Sweat. Regulate body temperature.What do apocrine sweat glands produce?(ANS- Secretions contain bits of cytoplasm from cells, attracting bacteria that produces body odor.What do sebaceous glands secrete?(ANS- They secrete sebum through the hair follicles, which lubricates the skin and prevents drying.What secretion produces oil?(ANS- Holocrine secretion.What are sebaceous glands prone to during adolescence?(ANS- Becoming clogged and attracting bacteria. 2 / 3
What protein composes the hair and skin?(ANS- Keratin What makes the body's framework?(ANS- Bone, cartilage, ligaments & joints.What are the functions of the skeletal system?(ANS- Support, movement, blood cell formation, protection of internal organs, detoxification, muscle attachment, mineral storage. *A MIME BATHED SEALS SINGING "MY PONY"* How are bones classified?(ANS- By shape.Long Short flat irregular sesamoid
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What is the name for the cells that compose compact bone?(ANS- Osteoblasts What occurs to osteoblasts when they become fixed in the dense bone matrix?(ANS- They stop dividing but continue to maintain body tissues as osteocytes.How many bones make up the axial skeleton?(ANS- 28 bones of the skull. 14-facial, 14-cranium.How many bones make the facial skeleton?(ANS-
- nasal bones
- maxillary bones
- zygomatic bones
- mandible
- palatine bones
- vomer
- lacrimal bones
- inferior nasal bones
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