Anthropology 1 Final Exam Questions with 100% Verified Correct Answers 2024/2025 describe two of four fields in anthropology - Correct Answer cultural anthropology studies humans, their behavior and beliefs.../linguistic anthropology is the study of how people use language, the languages of the past...What does "ethnocentric" mean? Speculate what sorts of issues arise studying physical anthropology that would be classified as ethnocentric - Correct Answer Ethnocentric means to think your own cultural practices are better than others'. Physical anthropologists try to avoid this mindset by using the cultural views of their "local group" about whether creation can be explained by science or by other fields of knowledge. Instead, they look for patterns in morphology of skeletons -- rather than trying to confirm cultural beliefs about how they were created.List some of the subfields (specialties if you will) in physical anthropology and what their focus is. - Correct Answer Paleoanthropology (the study fossils and physical remains of humans), genetics (microevolution; how genes change over time), primatology (non-human primates), osteology (the interpretation of skeletal remains), paleopathology (evidence of disease and injury in human skeletals), forensics (applied approach dealing with legal matters) Describe how the steps of the scientific method would be used by a physical anthropologist analyzing fossils. - Correct Answer Physical anthropologists follow all the same steps, but to test their hypothesis about what species a fossil belongs, each has to examine multiple fossils to compare.Peer replication would have to involve other anthropologists examining those many fossils too (to "replicate") in order to see if they come to the same conclusion.What is the scientific method? - Correct Answer The scientific method includes steps to see if your hypothesis about natural phenomena is correct. 1: hypothesis; 2: test/experiment to see if data matches the expectations of your hypothesis (does/does not explain phenomena); 3. let others know your process/steps/conclusions; 4. other scientists can repeat (replicate) the original experiment to test if your conclusions seem to fit the data.Describe (not just name) two of the the four fields in anthropology. (MULTIPLE ANSWER) - Correct Answer physical anthropology studies humans, human ancestors, and other primates/archaeologists study cultures of the past What is believable about Lamarck's theory of inherited characteristics? - Correct Answer Lamarck outlined how an organism can change his physique in response to the environment which sounds a lot like evolution, but since it didn't describe how to pass that change along, isn't quite the whole story. 1 / 2
Describe "differential net reproduction". (multiple answer) - Correct Answer Reproduction and "fitness" are very similar, but more offspring reproduced will not always mean higher fitness. The balance between resources to raise one's young, and how many young one can "produce" relates to differential reproduction.How did Malthus influence Darwin's thoughts on species variation? - Correct Answer Mathus described one feature of natural selection; competition for limited resources, which for Darwin was one key to his ideas on how a gene pool could change from generation to generation.What about Lamarck's theory of inherited characteristics doesn't explain evolution after all (and requires we abandon this theory)? - Correct Answer Since one can change/alter your physique in your lifetime, to some extent: that isn't evolution. Evolution is passing on changes to offspring which Lamarck didn't describe Describe at least three of the threats to living non-human primates in the wild (Multiple answer) - Correct Answer bush meat/poaching...//deforestation/reduced habitat ...//live capture for zoos/pets List seven categories of primates. (HINT: the glossary definition gives you only six categories; but monkeys are always divided into two categories! or look at: two categories in strepsirhini; five in haplorhini.) - Correct Answer new world monkeys / old world monkeys / lemurs / lorises / apes / humans / tarsiers Which two of the seven primate families is described as the most ancestral (or "primitive")? Describe three features that illustrate this. - Correct Answer Lemurs and Lorises - are the most ancestral... / Their ancestral features include - a moist fleshy snout...T/F: If you are presently in your 20s or 30s, you will learn of at least one primate species went extinct (and probably more than one) during your lifetime. - Correct Answer true
(F) Three distinct primate characterists include:
1) increased complexity and expansion of the brain, beyond most other mammalian brains
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