Anthropology Final Exam Review Questions with Complete Solutions Biological (Physical) anthropologists study... - Correct Answer All choices are correct
- genetics of ancient human pop's
- fossil record for human evolution
- behavior of monkeys and apes
- genetics of living human pop's
- Correct Answer Alfred Russell Wallace
Darwin was unable to account for... - Correct Answer the origin of variation Darwin was not the only person to develop the idea of natural selection. Who was the other person?
Darwinian fitness refers to... - Correct Answer Relative reproductive success Uniformitarianism is... - Correct Answer the theory that natural processes which occurred in the past still occur today The scientific method... - Correct Answer Requires a testable hypothesis
Match the prominent figure with their most notable scientific contribution:
- Carl Linnaeus
- Jean Baptiste Lamarck
- Aristotle
- Thomas Malthus
- Ernst Haeckel
- Georges Cuvier
- Charles Lyell
- John Ray - Correct Answer A. created a binomial nomenclature in Latin
- believed in the inheritance of acquired characteristics
- contributed to the development of "The Great Chain of Being" concept
- struggle for existence 1 / 2
- invented the use of phylogeny
- recognized that fossils can illuminate the past
- developed Uniformitarianism
- defined genus on the basis of similar features
- Archaeology. Can tell us about how ancient humans lived and help piece together what life in their
- Linguistics. Can tell us about human migration patterns based on how similar languages diverge
- / 2
What is a karyotype and what can we learn from one? - Correct Answer A karyotype is a visual display of a person's chromosomes, which requires prior processing to isolate, stain, and examine the chromosomes under a microscope. What we can learn from a karyotype includes the 23rd pair indicating the genetic sex of an individual (such as XX or XY) and any possible trisomy (such as would be present in Down's Syndrome on chromosome 21).Given an example of natural selection and explain your answer. - Correct Answer My favorite example of natural selection is the evolution of the Peppered Moth in England during the Industrial Revolution. Due to factories burning coal as fuel, dark smoke and sooty residue covered the bark of nearby trees which previously were light in color and covered in lichens. As a result, the natural camouflage of lighter colored moths no longer helped them blend into the now-darkened trees so they were predated upon more frequently while the mutation variants of darker moths survived better, for longer, and reproduced their variation more often.What are two subfields of anthropology and what can they tell us about humans? - Correct Answer
respective civilizations might have been like, based on inferences gathered from what physical objects were left behind.
over time and space.What is catastrophism and why is it relevant for the theory of evolution? - Correct Answer Catastrophism is the theory that violent geological events (like volcanoes, earthquakes, floods, etc) are solely responsible for geologic changes across Earth's planetary history. This is relevant to the theory of evolution because it was in stark contrast to the theory of Uniformitarianism which proposed gradual changes as the underlying driver of overall changes across time.True or False: the experimental method was proposed by Francis Bacon. - Correct Answer True The binomial nomenclature of chimpanzees is... - Correct Answer Pan troglodytes