AP World History Chapter 2 Review Latest 2023 - 2024

AP World History Chapter 2 Review (Latest 2023 - 2024) Questions and Answers ( Included ) 100% Correct

1. Shang: The dominant people in the earliest Chinese dynasty for which we have

written records (ca. 1750-1027 B.C.E.). Ancestor worship, divination by means of oracle bones, and the use of bronze vessels for ritual purposes were major elements of this culture.

• Zhou: The people and dynasty that took over the dominant position in north China

from the Shang and created the concept of the Mandate of Heaven to justify their rule and the idea of the Middle Kingdom. Feudal, decentralized government (1046 -

256 B.C.E.)

3. Qin: A people and state in the Wei Valley of eastern China that conquered

rival states and created the first Chinese empire (221-206 B.C.E.). Their ruler, Shi Huangdi, standardized many features of Chinese society and enslaved subjects.

• Han: Imperial dynasty that ruled China from 206 B.C.E to 221 C.E., expanded its

boundaries and developed a bureaucracy, dynasty that overthrew the Qin, estab- lished centralized government, civil service system, Silk Road. Made Confucianism state ideology

• Confucius: Chinese philosopher (551-479 B.C.E.). His doctrine of duty and public

service had a great influence on Chinese thought and served as a code of conduct for government officials. Believed in education, filial peity, the five relationships, and a strict social order

• Lao Zi: Chinese philosopher, founder of Daoism, which emphasizes the Dao, the

inevitable and harmonious way of the universe.

• Han Feizi: He helped develop the doctrine of Legalism - believed that the activity

of society was attributable to the ruler and his position (good ruler=success, bad ruler=failure) - believed that society needed strict laws and severe punishments 1 / 2

• Analects: The teachings of Confucius (551-479 B.C.E.) compiled by his disciples.
• Dao De Ching: The Way of Virtue, written by Laozi. It describes how the universal

force of Dao (the Way) guides all things.

10. Yin Yang: In Daoist belief, complementary factors that help to maintain the

equilibrium of the world. One is associated with masculine, light, and active qualities while the other with feminine, dark, and passive qualities.

• Filial piety: In Confucian thought, one of the virtues to be cultivated, a love and

respect for ones parents and ancestors

• Dynasty: a powerful family or group of rulers that maintains its position or power

for some time

• Mandate of Heaven: Chinese religious and political ideology developed by the

Zhou, in which those in power were given the right to rule from a divine source

• Dynastic Cycle: rise and fall of Chinese dynasties according to the Mandate of

Heaven

15. Middle Kingdom: What the Chinese called themselves because they believed

they were the center of the universe, Zhong Guo

16. Mandarin: a high government official; a member of an elite group, esp. The

dialect of Chinese spoken in Beijing and adopted as the official language for all of China

• Era of the Warring States: The period of Chinese history between c. 500 and 220

B.C.E. characterized by the breakdown of the central government and feudal war.Between collapse of the Zhou and the rise of the Qin

• Feudalism: a political system in which nobles are granted the use of lands that

legally belong to their king, in exchange for their loyalty, military service, and protection of the people who live on the land.

• Centralized: power concentrated in the center, especially political power con-

centrated in the hands of one leader/emperor or executive body

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