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APEA Cardiac Questions and Answers | Latest Version | 2025/2026 | Correct & Verified
What is the most common symptom of congestive heart failure?✔✔Shortness of breath
Which medication is the first-line treatment for hypertension?✔✔Thiazide diuretics
What heart sound is commonly heard in mitral valve prolapse?✔✔Mid-systolic click
What is the hallmark ECG finding in atrial fibrillation?✔✔Irregularly irregular rhythm without distinct P waves
Which lab test is used to diagnose a myocardial infarction?✔✔Troponin I or T
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What is the best initial treatment for stable angina?✔✔Nitroglycerin
What is the characteristic chest pain description in pericarditis?✔✔Sharp, pleuritic chest pain that improves when sitting up and leaning forward
Which valve is most commonly affected by rheumatic heart disease?✔✔Mitral valve
What is the classic triad of symptoms in infective endocarditis?✔✔Fever, new murmur, and positive blood cultures
What is the mechanism of action of beta-blockers in heart failure?✔✔Decrease heart rate and myocardial oxygen demand
What is the preferred medication to control ventricular rate in atrial fibrillation?✔✔Beta-blockers or calcium channel blockers
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What is the main complication of untreated hypertension?✔✔Left ventricular hypertrophy
Which condition causes a widened pulse pressure and bounding pulses?✔✔Aortic regurgitation
What is the first diagnostic test for suspected deep vein thrombosis?✔✔Venous duplex ultrasound
What is the target LDL cholesterol level in high-risk cardiovascular patients?✔✔Less than 70 mg/dL
Which medication is contraindicated in patients with heart block?✔✔Beta-blockers
What physical exam finding is characteristic of aortic stenosis?✔✔Systolic crescendo-decrescendo murmur heard best at the right upper sternal border
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