AQA GCSE Chemistry - Paper 1 Question And Answer 2023 What is the charge of an electron? - Correct Answer -1 What is the relative mass of a proton? - Correct Answer 1 What is the relative mass of a neutron? - Correct Answer 1 What is the relative mass of an electron? - Correct Answer Very small How many types of atoms do elements contain? - Correct Answer Only one type What are compounds? - Correct Answer Substances containing two or more different elements that are chemically bonded together What are mixtures? - Correct Answer Substances containing two or more different elements that are not chemically bonded together What pattern is formed from carrying out paper chromatography? - Correct Answer Chromatogram Which method of separation is useful to separate an insoluble solid from a liquid? - Correct Answer Filtration Which method of separation is useful to separate a soluble solid from a liquid? - Correct Answer Evaporation or Crystillisation Which method of distillation separates liquids with similar boiling points? - Correct Answer Fractional distillation 1 / 3
Who discovered that the plum pudding model was wrong? - Correct Answer Ernest Rutherford Who devised an experiment that proved the existence of the neutron? - Correct Answer Niels Bohr Why did Mendeleev leave gaps in his Table of Elements? - Correct Answer To ensure that elements with similar properties stayed in the same groups. The gaps indicated the existence of undiscovered elements and allowed Mendeleev to predict what their properties might be How are the group number and the number of electrons in the outer shell of an element related? - Correct Answer The group number tells you how many electrons are in the outer shell of an element.E.g. sodium is in Group 1 therefore it has 1 electron on its outer shell What kind of ions do metals form? - Correct Answer Positive Where are the non-metals on the periodic table? - Correct Answer On the right hand side Give three properties which are specific to transition metals - Correct Answer 1) They can form more than one ion e.g cobalt form Co2+ 2) They are often coloured, therefore compounds which contain them are colourful e.g. potassium chromate is yellow 3) They often make good catalysts e.g. nickel based catalysts are used in the hydrogenation of alkenes State three trends as you go down Group 1 - Correct Answer 1) Increased reactivity - the outer electron is more easily lost as the attraction between the nucleus and the electron decreases because the electron is further away from the nucleus 2) Lower melting and boiling points 3) Higher relative atomic mass What are the products of the reaction of a Group 1 metal and water - Correct Answer Hydrogen gas and a metal hydroxide E.g. sodium + water --> sodium hydroxide + hydrogen 2 / 3
What's the difference between the hardness of Group 1 and transition metals? - Correct Answer Transition metals are harder, denser and stronger than Group 1 metals What's the difference between the reactivity of Group 1 and transition metals? - Correct Answer Group
- metals are much more reactive than transition metals
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What's the difference between the melting points of Group 1 and transition metals? - Correct Answer Transition metals have higher melting points than Group 1 metals What trends occur as you go down Group 7? - Correct Answer 1) They become less reactive - it's harder to gain an extra electron because the outer shell's further from the nucleus 2) They have higher melting and boiling points 3) They have higher relative atomic masses What is the charge of the ions that halogens form when they react with metals? - Correct Answer They form negative ions What is the trend in boiling point as you go down Group 0? - Correct Answer The boiling points increase What subatomic particles does the nucleus contain? - Correct Answer Protons and neutrons What is relative atomic mass? - Correct Answer The mass number which refers to the element as a whole How are positive ions formed? - Correct Answer A metal atom loses electrons How are negative ions formed? - Correct Answer A non-metal gains electrons What is air a mixture of? - Correct Answer Gases, mainly nitrogen, oxygen, carbon dioxide and argon What is crude oil a mixture of? - Correct Answer Different length hydrocarbon molecules