ATLS EXAM 2024 COMPREHENSIVE PRETEST

ATLS EXAM 2024 COMPREHENSIVE PRETEST

AND POST TEST ACCURATE AND VERIFIED

QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS LATEST UPDATE

2024 STUDY GUIDE AT THE END ALL

INCLUSIVE

To establish a diagnosis of shock,

• Systolic blood pressure must be below 90 mmHg
• The presence of a closed head injury should be excluded
• Acidosis should be present by arterial blood gas analysis
• The patient must fail to respond to intravenous fluid infusion
• Clinical evidence of inadequate organ perfusion must be present - ANSWER✔✔E

A 32-year-old is brought to the hospital unconscious with severe facial injuries and noisy respirations after an automobile collision. In the ED, he has no apparent injury to the anterior aspect of his neck. He suddenly becomes apneic, and attempted ventilation with a face mask is unsuccessful. Examination of his mouth reveals a large hematoma of the pharynx with loss of normal anatomic landmarks. Initial management of his

airways should consist of:

• Inserting an oropharyngeal airway
• Insert - ANSWER✔✔C

A 25-year-old woman is brought to the ED after a motor vehicle crash. She was initially lucid at the scene and then developed a dilated pupil and contralateral extremity 1 / 4

weakness. In the ED, she is unconscious and has a GCS score of 6. The initial

management step for this patient should be to:

• Obtain a CT-scan of the head
• Administer decadron 20 mg IV
• Perform endotracheal intubation
• Administer mannitol 1g/kg IV
• Perform an emergency bone flap craniotomy on the side of the dilated pu -

ANSWER✔✔C

A contraindication to nasogastric intubation is the presence of a:

• Gastric perforation
• Diaphragmatic rupture
• Open depressed skull fracture
• Fracture of the cervical spine
• Fracture of the cribriform plate - ANSWER✔✔E

An 8-year-old girl is an unrestrained passenger in a vehicle struck from behind. In the ED, her blood pressure is 80/60 mmHg, heart rate is 80 beats per minute, and respiratory rate is 16 breaths per minute. Her GCS score is 14. She complains that her legs feel "funny and won't move right". However, her spine x-rays do not show a fracture

or dislocation. A spinal cord injury in this child:

• Is most likely a central cord syndrome
• Must be diagnosed by magnetic resonance imaging
• Can be excl - ANSWER✔✔D 2 / 4

Immediate chest tube insertion is indicated for which of the following conditions?

• Pneumothorax
• Pneumomediastinum
• Massive hemothorax
• Diaphragmatic rupture
• Subcutaneous emphysema - ANSWER✔✔C

Cardiac tamponade after trauma:

• Is seldom life-threatening
• Can be excluded by an upright AP chest x-ray
• Can be confused with a tension pneumothorax
• Causes a fall in systolic pressure of >15 mmHg with expiration
• Most commonly occurs after blunt injury to the anterior chest wall - ANSWER✔✔C

A 22-year-old man is brought to the hospital after crashing his motorcycle into a telephone pole. He is unconscious and in profound shock. He has no open wounds or

obvious fractures. The cause of his shock is MOST LIKELY caused by:

• A subdural hematoma
• An epidural hematoma
• A transected lumbar spinal cord
• A basilar skull fracture
• Hemorrhage into the chest or abdomen - ANSWER✔✔E 3 / 4

Early central venous pressure monitoring during fluid resusciation in the ED has the

greatest utility in a:

• Patient with a splenic laceration
• Patient with a inhalation injury
• 6 year-old child with a pelvic fracture
• Patient with a severe cardiac contusion
• 24-year-old man with a massive hemothorax - ANSWER✔✔E

A 24-year-old man sustains multiple fractured ribs bilaterally as a result of being crushed in a press at a plywood factory. Examination in the ED reveals a flail segment of the patient's thorax. Primary resuscitation includes high-flow oxygen administration via a nonrebreathing mask, and initiation of Ringers lactate solution. The patient exhibits progressive confusion, cyanosis and tachypnea. Management at this time should

consist of:

• Intravenous sedation
• External stabilization of the ch - ANSWER✔✔E

Which of the following statements regarding patients with thoracic spine injuries is TRUE?

• Log-rolling may be destabilizing to fractures T12 to L1
• Adequate immobilization can be accomplished with the scoop stretcher
• Spinal cord injury below T10 usually spares bowel and bladder function
• Hyperflexion fractures in the upper thoracic spine are inherently unstable
• These patients rarely present with neurogenic shock in association with cord injury -

ANSWER✔✔A

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