BI 212 PATHOPHYSIOLOGY FINAL EXAM REGIS
COLLEGE LATEST 2024-2025 ALL 200 QUESTIONS &
CORRECT VERIFIED ANSWERS ALREADY GRADED
A+| BI 212 PATHO REGIS (NEW!!)
What is the World Health Organization's definition of health? - ANSWER-A state of complete physical, mental & social well being and not merely the absence of disease and infirmity.
What are the 5 etiology factors that cause disease? - ANSWER-Biological agents, Physical Forces, Chemical agents, genetic inheritance, nutritional excesses/defecits
Are most diseases caused by multiple or single factors? - ANSWER-Multiple factors
What is the difference between congenital and acquired diseases? - ANSWER-A Congenital Disease is present at birth due to either genetics or environmental factors that occurred during pregnancy. Acquired diseases are caused by events after birth.
What is an example of a congenital disease? - ANSWER-Cystic Fibrosis
What is an example of an acquired disease? - ANSWER-Injury or infection.
What is the difference between signs and symptoms? - ANSWER-Signs are observed, symptoms are reported by patient.
What is an example of a sign vs symptom? - ANSWER-Sign: high blood pressure,
fever
Symptom: headache, chills, stomachache
What is the difference between Pathogenesis and Clinical Course? - ANSWER- Pathogenesis explains how a disease evolves & develops in regard to biology.Clinical Course describes how a disease behaves and long term outcomes, mainly for the practitioner to reference.
What is an example of how Pathogenesis is described? - ANSWER-How a course progresses: Infection -> inflammation -> malignancy -> tissue breakdown.
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What is an example of how clinical course is described? - ANSWER-Acute, chronic.
What 3 factors are involved in the diagnostic process? - ANSWER-Patient history, physical exam, diagnostic tests
What is meant by normal value? - ANSWER-Represents test results that fall within the bell curve or 95% distribution from a sample
Differentiate "Risk Factor" and "Etiology". - ANSWER-Risk Factor: multiple factors that predispose to a disease, but not necessarily a confirmed cause.
Etiology: A known cause to a disease.
Define "Syndrome" - ANSWER-A disease where the diseased population has a variety of manifestations.
Define "Manifestation" - ANSWER-The display or disclosure of characteristic signs or symptoms of an illness. AKA signs/symptoms
Define "Complications" - ANSWER-Unexpected outcomes of a procedure, illness or treatment.
Define "Sequelae" - ANSWER-Expected outcome of a disease
Define "Morbidity" - ANSWER-The effects/impairments of a disease
Define "Mortality" - ANSWER-Death producing statistics from a disease
Define "Validity" - ANSWER-Ability to measure what is supposed to measure
Define "Reliability" - ANSWER-Ability to get the same result from a test over and over again
Define "Sensitivity" - ANSWER-Ability to correctly identify those who DO have the disease
Define "Specificity" - ANSWER-the ability of the test to detect people who DO NOT have the disease
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Define "Predictive Value" - ANSWER-How "good" is the test. How able it is to correctly identify if the disease is present or not.
Define "Preclinical" - ANSWER-No manifestations or diagnosis, but a disease is present.
Define "Clinical" - ANSWER-Symptoms, diagnosis and disease is obvious.
Define "Epidemiology" - ANSWER-Study of disease among a population
Define "Incidence" - ANSWER-# of new arising cases
Define "Prevalence" - ANSWER-# of existing cases
How do cells respond to stress? Name 6 occurrences. - ANSWER-Atrophy, Hypertrophy, Hyperplasia, Metaplasia, Dysplasia, Intracellular Adaption.
Define "Atrophy" - ANSWER-Reduction in cell size.
What are causes of atrophy? - ANSWER-disuse, denervation, loss of endocrine stimulation, inadequate nutrition, ischemia or decreased blood flow
Define "Hypertrophy" - ANSWER-increase in cell size
What are causes of hypertrophy? - ANSWER-Increased workload, hormonal or chemical stimulation
Define "Hyperplasia" - ANSWER-An increase in # of cells.
What causes hyperplasia? - ANSWER-Hormonal or chemical stimulation
Define "Metaplasia" - ANSWER-Replacement of one type of cell with another normal cell type.
What causes metaplasia? - ANSWER-Response to irritation + inflammation, usually epithelial cells.
Define "dysplasia" - ANSWER-Abnormal differentiation of dividing cells resulting in cells of abnormal size, shape & appearance.
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