Bio 101- Module #4 Exam Questions and Approved Correct Correct Answer wers Latest Version A chances of a woman having a child with Down syndrome is highest for women - Correct Answer 40-50
A mutant allele can cause genetic disease because - Correct Answer a mutant allele is a botched recipe for a protein; a protein gets made but it is not the right one and so it can't perform its function as an enzyme properly
A mutation in which of the following can be passed on to offspring - Correct Answer Germ Cell
A small drop of blood is found at a crime scene. There is not enough DNA in the blood to do an analysis. How can the amount of DNA be increased? - Correct Answer PCR
Although the Y chromosome in humCorrect Answer has few genes, there is one gene that it does have that is very important. What is it? - Correct Answer the male- determining factor gene
Anticodon - Correct Answer three bases on the end. Compliment three bases of codon
Are most mutations dominant or recessive? - Correct Answer Recessive
Assume the gene for flower color (possible alleles: R,r) is on the SAME chromosome as the gene for plant height (possible alleles: T,t). A TTRR plant is crossed with a ttrr plant to produce a TtRr plant. What kinds of gametes will this TtRr plant make if there is NO CROSSING OVER when it does meiosis? - Correct Answer If we were to look at the chromosomes for the TtRr plant we would find that one chromosome had TR and the homologous chromosome tr. If there is no crossing over then chromosomes remain intact when they go into gametes. So some gametes will get the chromosome with TR and some will get the chromosome with tr.
At the cellular level, a gene has instructions for making
== - Correct Answer Particular Protein
At the DNA level, what is the simplest mutation that can occur and how has the DNA changed? - Correct Answer point mutation, one nucleotide or base (A,G,T or C) is changed to another
Chromosomes other than sex chromosomes are called - Correct Answer autosomes
- / 2
DNA from 2 individuals can be compared by cutting their DNA into fragments, then sorting the fragments by size. The process that sorts the fragments is called - Correct Answer electrophoresis
DNA polymerase is responsible for - Correct Answer Constructing a new DNA replica
DNA replication occurs before the process of _______ in somatic cells and the process of ________ in germ cells. - Correct Answer Mitosis, Meosis
Down syndrome is caused by what chromosome problem? - Correct Answer an extra copy of a chromosome
For an autosomal dominant genetic disease, if a normal man marries an affected woman, what proportion of their children would be expected to have the disease? - Correct Answer 1/2
For an autosomal recessive genetic disease how many copies of the bad allele do you have to have to express the disease? - Correct Answer Two
For the TtRr plant from the previous question, if there is crossing over in meiosis, what kinds of gametes will it produce? - Correct Answer Now it is possible to get all combinations of gametes because T can now be separated from R and t can be separated from r. So we get TR, Tr, tR, tr.
For the TtRr plant from the previous question, if there is crossing over, what types of gametes will be the most commonly produced? - Correct Answer Because crossing over doesn't happen between the flower color gene and the plant height gene every time, we will tend to get more of the non-crossover gametes, TR and tr, than the crossover gametes, Tr and tR. This depends on how close the 2 genes are to each other. The farther apart they are the more likely that a crossover event will occur between them, producing more crossover gametes.
Give an example of a trCorrect Answer genic organism. - Correct Answer Bt corn (corn with a gene from a bacterium), RoundUp Ready soybeCorrect Answer (soybeCorrect Answer with a gene from a bacterium), goats with genes for human milk, bacteria with genes for human insulin, human growth factor etc.
Give an example of genetic engineering where one species makes a gene product of a second species - Correct Answer bacteria have been made to produce human gene products such as insulin and blood clotting factor, goats have been made that produce human milk proteins etc.
How can a person who is a carrier for a particular genetic disease be detected? - Correct Answer Looking at chromosomes will not help, you need to look at the gene itself or the gene product. For some genetic diseases the gene has been located and so you can check the DNA to see if one copy is bad. For most genetic diseases the gene
- / 2