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Bio 151 Final Exam / Bio 151 Human Anatomy And Physiology Final Exam Test Bank Complete 300 Questions And Correct Detailed Answers |Already Graded A+
Which of the following statements is true about equilibrium?
- It is primarily detected by the cochlea.
- The semicircular canals detect rotational movement.
- The retina plays a major role in equilibrium.
- Equilibrium is not influenced by the inner ear.
Answer: B) The semicircular canals detect rotational movement.
Which of the following best describes the function of the utricle and saccule in the inner ear?
- They detect sound frequencies.
- They detect changes in head position relative to gravity.
- They assist in the process of vision.
- They are responsible for color vision.
Answer: B) They detect changes in head position relative to
gravity.In the sensory system, a receptor that quickly adapts to a
stimulus is referred to as:
- A tonic receptor 1 / 4
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- A phasic receptor
- A pain receptor
- A mechanoreceptor
Answer: B) A phasic receptor
What is the primary role of the olfactory receptor cells in the nose?
- To detect temperature changes.
- To detect light energy.
- To detect airborne odorants.
- To detect mechanical pressure.
Answer: C) To detect airborne odorants.
Which of the following describes the mechanism by which olfactory receptors transduce signals?
- Direct interaction with neurotransmitters to produce an action
- Binding of odorants to receptor proteins leading to the
- Converting sound energy into electrical signals.
- Detecting vibrations from sound waves.
potential.
opening of ion channels.
Answer: B) Binding of odorants to receptor proteins leading to
the opening of ion channels.
The primary taste sensations are:
- Salty, bitter, sweet, sour, and umami
- Sweet, sour, umami, salty, and heat 2 / 4
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- Sweet, salty, bitter, and color perception
- Umami, salty, temperature, and color
Answer: A) Salty, bitter, sweet, sour, and umami
Which of the following phases of gastric secretion is triggered by the sight, smell, or thought of food?
- Gastric phase
- Cephalic phase
- Intestinal phase
- Pharyngeal phase
Answer: B) Cephalic phase
The gastric phase of gastric secretion is initiated by:
- The sight of food.
- The arrival of food in the stomach.
- The presence of chyme in the duodenum.
- Signals from the CNS.
Answer: B) The arrival of food in the stomach
Explain the process of sensory transduction and how it leads to the formation of an action potential in sensory neurons.
Answer: Sensory transduction is the process by which sensory
receptors convert stimulus energy (e.g., light, sound, pressure, or chemicals) into electrical signals. This typically involves the change in the receptor protein, which alters the membrane potential of the receptor cell. This change may open or close ion channels, leading to a receptor potential. If the receptor potential 3 / 4
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is large enough to reach the threshold, it will trigger an action potential that is transmitted to the CNS.Describe the roles of rods and cones in vision and explain how their different functions contribute to visual perception.
Answer: Rods are specialized for vision in low light and are
found primarily in the peripheral areas of the retina. They are highly sensitive to light but do not provide color vision or sharp detail. Cones, on the other hand, are responsible for color vision and high visual acuity. They are concentrated in the fovea, the central region of the retina, where they enable us to perceive fine detail in bright light. The combination of rods and cones allows for both night and color vision, depending on the lighting conditions.Cardiovascular Physiology Which of the following correctly defines stroke volume (SV)?
- The amount of blood pumped by the heart per minute
- The volume of blood pumped by each ventricle per
- The total blood volume in the ventricles at the end of diastole
- The resistance of the heart to blood flow
contraction
Answer: B) The volume of blood pumped by each ventricle per
contraction
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