BIO 168 Exam 3 Material Latest Update 2025- 2026 190 Questions and 100% Verified Correct Answers Guaranteed A+
2 Enlargement Areas of spinal cord - CORRECTANSWER: -Cervical
--Extra nerves because it serves all the upper body limbs --From C4-T1 -Lumbar --Extra nerves because it serves all the lower limbs of the body
--T9 - T12
2 Neuroglial cells from PNS - CORRECTANSWER: Schwann Cells
Satellite Cells
- types of cells in the Nerve cells - CORRECTANSWER: -Neuron - the excitable cell
-Neuroglial cells - supportive cells --There are 6 of these -----4 in CNS -----2 in PNS
2 types of synaptic transmission - CORRECTANSWER: chemical
electrical
3 Amino Acid Neurotransmitters - CORRECTANSWER: 1. Glutamate
--The most important excitatory NT in CNS
- Gaba 1 / 4
--The most important inhibitory NT in CNS
- Glycine
--Inhibitory NT in CNS
3 Extensions of the Dura Mater in the Brain - CORRECTANSWER: 1. Falx Cerebri
- Falx Cerebelli
- Tentorium Cerebelli
3 kinds of Neuropeptides - CORRECTANSWER: 1. Substance P
- Opioids
- Neuropeptide Y
3 Lobes of cerebellum - CORRECTANSWER: 1. Anterior lobe
- Posterior lobe
- Flocculonodular
3 major areas of cerebral cortex - CORRECTANSWER: 1. Primary Sensory
- Primary Motor
- Association Areas (There are association areas of each of these primary sensory and
motor areas)
3 Meninges - CORRECTANSWER: 1. Dura Mater
- Arachnoid Mater
- Pia Mater
- other parts of the brain associated with the Primary Motor Cortex -
CORRECTANSWER: 1. Caudate Nucleus
- Putamen (together these first 2 are called Corpus Striatum) 2 / 4
- Globus Pallidus
3 Parts of Limbic System - CORRECTANSWER: 1. Hippocampus
- Amygdala
- Limbic Lobe
3 Primary Vesicles of brain - CORRECTANSWER: Forebrain
Midbrain Hindbrain
3 Structural classifications of Neurons - CORRECTANSWER: Multipolar
Bipolar Pseudounipolar
3 structures of Brainstem - CORRECTANSWER: -Midbrain
-Pons -Medulla Oblongata
3 ways to terminate synaptic transmission - CORRECTANSWER: 1. Diffusion and
Absorption
- Degradation in the Synaptic Cleft
- Reuptake into the presynaptic neuron
4 Important Neurotransmitter Groups - CORRECTANSWER: -Acetylcholine
-Monoamines -Amino Acid NTs -Neuropeptides 3 / 4
5 Lobes of Cerebrum - CORRECTANSWER: 1. Frontal Lobe
- Parietal Lobe
- Temporal Lobe
- Occipital Lobe
- There's a 5th part that you cant see externally, called the Insula lobe
--Responsible for cravings
a nerve connective tissue - CORRECTANSWER: a bundle of fascicles, the epineurium (outermost layer)
Absolute refractory period - CORRECTANSWER: -when you're above threshold
-Cannot generate a new AP during that time, because you're in the process of having an action potential -NO AP during this time
Acetylcholine - CORRECTANSWER: -Causes contraction of muscles at NMJ
---Ca++ binds to synaptic vesicle -ACh is excitatory when it causes muscle contraction in CNS -Can also be inhibitory in synapses in PNS -Acetylcholinesterase is the enzyme that breaks it down
Action Potential - CORRECTANSWER: -To fire an action potential, we need enough of a positive stimulus from the graded potential, to reach threshold -If we reach threshold, we will fire off an action potential -They are all or none -- must reach threshold -If we fire off AP, we have an influx of Na+
- / 4