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BIO 322 (GCU) Midterm Test Questions And Already Passed Answers.
Question 1: 6 Causes of Disease
CORRECT ANSWER : -heredity (chromosomal)
-trauma -inflammation (infection)
-hyperplasia (neoplasms: benign vs. malignant)
-nutritional imbalances (obesity/malnutrition) -immunity (allergy)
Question 2: Atrophy
CORRECT ANSWER : decrease in cell size
Question 3: Hypertrophy
CORRECT ANSWER : increase in cell size
Question 4: Hyperplasia
CORRECT ANSWER : increase in cell number
Question 5: Metaplasia
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CORRECT ANSWER : reversible replacement of 1 cell type by
another (like smokers)
Question 6: Dysplasia
CORRECT ANSWER : abnormal changes in size, shape &
organization of matured cell
Question 7: Necrosis
CORRECT ANSWER : evoked by non-physical events (disease)
-Coagulative: denature of proteins from gel to firm state
(kidneys)
-Liquefactive: cells digested by own hydrolases- tissue becomes
soft, walled off from healthy tissue (neurons/glial cells in brain)
-Caseous (cheese-like): cells disintegrate & debris is walled off
-Fat: caused by lipases (breast, pancreas, abdominal)
-Gangrenous: dry (loss of O2 over long period of time) wet
(bacteria & fast) gas (anaerobic bacteria trapped, produce gas, often fatal)
Question 8: Apoptosis
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CORRECT ANSWER : programmed cell death, energy
dependent, affects individual cell
Question 9: Hyperkalemia
CORRECT ANSWER : S/S: widened QRS and tall T wave
Question 10: Hypokalemia
CORRECT ANSWER : S/S: shallow T wave
Question 11: Hyponatremia
CORRECT ANSWER : S/S: Lethargy, HA, weakness, confusion
Cause: decreased Na in diet, prolonged sweating w/ H2O intake
Question 12: Hypernatremia
CORRECT ANSWER : S/S: thirsty, low output of urine, tachycardia, hyperreflexia
Cause: increased Na, too little H2O, low ADH (diabetes
insipidus)
Question 13: Edema
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CORRECT ANSWER : excessive accumulation of fluid in the IS
spaces
Question 14: SIADH
CORRECT ANSWER : S/S: HA, weakness, low serum osmolarity with high urine osmolarity
Cause: excessive ADH secretion
Question 15: Menorrhagia
CORRECT ANSWER : excessive bleeding in regular intervals
Question 16: Metrorrhagia
CORRECT ANSWER : irregular, frequent bleeding
Question 17: DIC
CORRECT ANSWER : widespread clotting takes all the
platelets which leads to hemorrhage