biology 1010 exam 1 (chapters 1-5) 2024 study guide fully solved & verified for accuracy core concepts of biology - answer evolution, structure determines function, information, energy and matter, systems levels of organization - answer atoms, molecules, cells, tissues, organs, organism, population, community, ecosystem, biosphere eukaryotes - answer organisms made up of one or more cells that have a nucleus and membrane-bound organelles prokaryotes - answer cells that do not contain nuclei scientific method - answer a series of steps followed to solve problems including collecting data, formulating a hypothesis, testing the hypothesis, and stating conclusions.ionic bond - answer formed when one or more electrons are transferred from one atom to another covalent bond - answer a bond formed when atoms share one or more pairs of electrons polar bond - answer a covalent bond in which electrons are shared unequally nonpolar bond - answer a covalent bond in which electrons are shared equally hydrogen bond - answer weak attraction between a hydrogen atom and another atom protons - answer positively charged particles 1 / 2
found in nucleus neutrons - answer have no charge found in nucleus electrons - answer negatively charged particles found in orbitals electron orbitals - answer volumes of space surrounding the atomic nucleus where electrons are likely to be found each orbital can hold two electrons isotopes - answer atoms of the same element that have different numbers of neutrons hydrophilic - answer water loving molecules with ionic and/or polar covalent bonds hydrophobic - answer water fearing nonpolar molecules like oils amphipathic - answer having both a hydrophilic region and a hydrophobic region acids - answer molecules that release hydrogen ions in solution bases - answer lower the H+ concentration ph scale - answer acidic 6 and below
- neutral
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alkaline 8 and above