BIOS 100 Chapter Cells

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BIOS 100 Chapter Cells

• An ostrich egg is to a cell as::
• a pearl is to a sphere.
• the sweetener Splenda is to sugar.
• a giant sequoia is to a tree.

Correct! The ostrich egg is the largest type of cell, whereas the giant sequoia is the largest type of tree. See section 3.1 All organisms are made of cells.

• a rooster is to a barnyard.
• lima beans are to Brussels sprouts.

Answer

• a giant sequoia is to a tree.

Correct! The ostrich egg is the largest type of cell, whereas the giant sequoia is the largest type of tree. See section 3.1 All organisms are made of cells.

2. The most basic unit of any organism is the:

Answer Cell

3. Which of the following is NOT true about prokaryotic cells?:

• They have a rigid cell wall instead of a plasma membrane.

Correct. All prokaryotes have a plasma membrane that encompasses the cell. Many also have a rigid cell wall. But a prokaryote will never have a cell wall INSTEAD of a plasma (cell) membrane. See section 3.3 Eukaryotic cells have compartments with specialized functions.

• They may have flagella, but they never have cilia.
• They have a circular loop of DNA instead of multiple linear DNA molecules.
• They lack a nucleus, but they do have ribosomes.
• They are always single-celled organisms, and they never contain mitochondria.

Answer

• They have a rigid cell wall instead of a plasma membrane.

Correct. All prokaryotes have a plasma membrane that encompasses the cell. Many also have a rigid cell wall. But a prokaryote will never have a cell wall INSTEAD of a plasma (cell) membrane. See section 3.3 Eukaryotic cells have compartments with specialized functions.

4. Which of the following statements about the cell theory is correct?:

• All living organisms are made up of one or more cells.
• All cells arise from other, pre-existing cells.
• All eukaryotic cells contain symbiotic prokaryotes.
• All prokaryotic cells contain symbiotic eukaryotes. 1 / 3

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• Both the first and second answer choices are correct.

Right! The facts that (1) all living organisms are made up of one or more cells and (2) all cells arise from other, preexisting cells are the foundations of cell theory. See section 3.1 All organisms are made of cells.Answer

• Both the first and second answer choices are correct.

Right! The facts that (1) all living organisms are made up of one or more cells and (2) all cells arise from other, preexisting cells are the foundations of cell theory. See section 3.1 All organisms are made of cells.

• What major advantage does the presence of organelles offer eukaryotic cells?:
• They help make eukaryotic cells larger.
• They help to blend together the chemicals throughout the cell.
• They greatly simplify eukaryotic cells, making them less complex.
• They make eukaryotic cells stronger.
• They separate chemicals into different compartments, concentrating them for certain

reactions.Correct! It is the presence of organelles and the division of labor that allow eukary- otic cells to be larger than prokaryotic cells. Additionally, the internal membranes that make up most organelles create an incredible amount of surface area for these chemical reactions to occur on.See section 3.3 Eukaryotic cells have compartments with specialized functions.Answer

• They separate chemicals into different compartments, concentrating them for certain

reactions.Correct! It is the presence of organelles and the division of labor that allow eukary- otic cells to be larger than prokaryotic cells. Additionally, the internal membranes that make up most organelles create an incredible amount of surface area for these chemical reactions to occur on.See section 3.3 Eukaryotic cells have compartments with specialized functions.

6. Every cell on earth can be classified into one of which two categories?:

• prokaryotes and eukaryotes

Great job! Prokaryotic cells lack a nucleus, which is present in eukaryotic cells. See section 3.3 Eukaryotic cells have compartments with specialized functions.

• bacteria and mammalian
• unicellular and multicellular
• reproductive and non-reproductive
• archaea and prokaryotes 2 / 3

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Answer

• prokaryotes and eukaryotes

Great job! Prokaryotic cells lack a nucleus, which is present in eukaryotic cells. See section 3.3 Eukaryotic cells have compartments with specialized functions.

7. What is the main difference between flagellum and pili?:

• A flagellum is considered an appendage; a pilus is not.
• A pilus is used to help prokaryotes and eukaryotes move; a flagellum only helps prokaryotes

move.

• A pilus is an appendage that is used for prokaryotic attachment to surfaces, whereas a

flagellum helps the prokaryote move.Great job! The pilus enables prokaryotes to attach themselves to surfaces where nutrients are available. See section 3.2 Prokaryotic cells are structurally simple, but there are many types of them.

• A pilus is found in eukaryotes, whereas flagella are unique to prokaryotes.
• Both pili and flagella are the same thing, and the terms can be used interchange- ably.

Answer

• A pilus is an appendage that is used for prokaryotic attachment to surfaces, whereas a

flagellum helps the prokaryote move.Great job! The pilus enables prokaryotes to attach themselves to surfaces where nutrients are available. See section 3.2 Prokaryotic cells are structurally simple, but there are many types of them.

• Which of the following statements about prokaryotes and eukaryotes is FALSE?:
• Eukaryotic cells are about 10 times larger than prokaryotes.
• Eukaryotic cells can be distinguished easily from prokaryotic cells under a

microscope.

• Organelles are the primary reason why eukaryotic cells can do many things that a

prokaryotic cell cannot.

• Prokaryotic cells are about 10 times larger than eukaryotes.

Correct. This statement is false because the inverse is true. Eukaryotic cells vary greatly in size, but are generally much larger than prokaryotic cells. See section 3.3 Eukaryotic cells have compartments with specialized functions.

• Various different chemical reactions can occur throughout a eukaryotic cell, but usually

only one type of chemical reaction can occur in a prokaryotic cell.

Answer

• Prokaryotic cells are about 10 times larger than eukaryotes.

Correct. This statement is false because the inverse is true. Eukaryotic cells vary greatly in size, but are generally much larger than prokaryotic cells. See section 3.3 Eukaryotic cells have compartments with specialized functions.

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