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BIOS 105 Final Exam 2
- In order to evolve, a population must be different in some way from its closest relative.
This often happens when a structure that is currently on or in the bodies of the population
gets used differently. Also, we can call this a(n):
Answer Exaptation
- An important piece of evidence documenting evolution of organisms is principle of
faunal succession. What is this?:
Answer Appearance and disappearance of organisms through many geologic layers
- Place the beds labeled on the image above in proper order from what happened
first to what happened last.:
Answer [C] [B] [A] [D] [E]
- Between 6 and 4 million years ago our ancestor diverged from the lineage that led to
chimpanzees and bonobos. Which of the Prezygotic Reproduc- tive Isolation mechanisms best describes the way our lineage underwent allopatric speciation on plains compared to the
forest chimp lineage?:
Answer Habitat Isolation
- Which of the following things made it difficult for life to begin on Earth in the first 500
million years of Earth's birth?:
Answer The great bombardment
- Complex life evolved around 650 million years ago. What percentage of Earth's past
has complex life existed?:
Answer 14%
7. To which group of contemporary Primates do humans belong?:
Answer Hominoids
8. Natural selection chooses traits for organisms?:
Answer False 1 / 3
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- Match the names of the scientists with the contribution they made regard- ing geological
thought and aging the Earth.:
Answer Nicholas Steno ’ Laws of Original Horizontality and Superposition Charles Lyell ’ Laws of Uniformity William Smith ’ Principle of Faunal Succession, Charles Darwin ’ Theory of Natural Selection, James Hutton ’ Relative Dating
- There were lots of evolutionary trade off over the millions of years humans evolved.
Which of the following is a trade off in human evolution?:
Answer Reduced sense of smell because of increased vision
- How similar are human and chimpanzee genomes including the non-cod- ing region?:
Answer 96%
- Which of the following is not a characteristic that helps define a primate?-
Answer Large sagittal crest for chewing plant material
- What did Charles Darwin propose after observing the 11-inch long nec- taries of the
Angraecum sesquipedale orchid in Madagascar?:
Answer the existence of a pollinator moth with a proboscis of 10-11 inches
14. Carbon dating is only good to how old?:
Answer 40,000 year
15. Our butt-bone, is really what?:
Answer the remnant of our tail
16. Advantage (advantages) of bipedalism include:
Answer freeing of hands to carry objects and use tools
- If you look at the entire fossil record, from the first life to today, you will find that by far
most of life on Earth was only:
Answer single-celled organisms (e.g., bacteria)
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- The Law of posits that layers of sediment are laid down horizontally, and
only later are changed into different positions due to geologic process- es.:
Answer Original Horizontality
- In the geologic timescale used by our class, the sequence eras beginning with the earliest
era and proceeding forward to the most recent era is:
Answer Pre- Cambrian - Paleozoic - Mesozoic – Cenozoic
- Natural Selection can be defined most simply by (). Therefore, in light of natural
selection, it is more important to () than to ().:
Answer differential reproductive success pass on your genes beat up your neighbor for food
- You test a rock sample to see how old it is. The isotope element used in the dating has a
half life of 1,000,000 years. If originally there was 10,000 units of the isotope element in your
sample, but today there are 625 units, how old is your rock?:
Answer 4000000
- A college student has a new job, and must balance classes and commute times to work.
The student takes two weeks to drive from campus to the workplace by several routes, including a direct route through town, a highway route, and a route through a city park.Comparing the drive times, affected by the route, speed limits and intersections is possible.
The dependent variable is the:
Answer average time in minutes it takes to drive from campus to workplace
23. Which of the following is not one of the four rules of Uniformitarianism?:
Answer The Earth is a non-changing system that will remain static
24. Which part of the human skeleton has the famous "S" curve?:
Answer axial, appen- dicuar, cranial
- A meteorite collision contributed to the extinction of non-bird dinosaurs, as well as 75%
of everything else on Earth. This opened the door for mammals to take over by speciation into
a lot of new species very rapidly. This type of extinction is called?:
Answer mass extinction
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