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BIOS 135 Module 4 Questions
1. What are the three major categories of lipids found in foods?:
Answer Triglycerides - the major form of lipid in food and in the body. Each consists of 3 fatty acids attached to a glycerol molecule Phospholipids - a type of lipid that contains phosphorus. The most common is phosphoglyceride, which is composed of a glycerol backbone with 2 fatty acids and a phosphate group attached Sterol - a type of lipid with a structure composed of multiple chemical rings
2. Which of the three major categories of lipids is the major lipid in foods?:
Answer Triglycerides
3. What are the chemical elements (atoms) that make up triglycerides?:
Answer 3 fatty acids attached to a glycerol molecule A fatty acid is a chain of carbon atoms with an acid group (COOH) at one end. At the other end is the omega or methyl end and consists of a carbon atom attached to 3 hydrogen atoms (CH3)
- What are the subunits or compounds that link together to form the triglyc- erides?:
Answer 3 fatty acids attach to a backbone of glycerol
5. How do fatty acids differ from one another?:
Answer -Number of carbons in the chain -Degree of saturation -If unsaturated, how many double bonds and where are they located -If unsaturated, what shape does the fatty acid have (cis or trans)
6. How are fatty acids similar to one another?:
Answer End groups - all have a carboxyl group on one end (COOH) and a methyl group on the opposite end (CH3) called the omega carbon 1 / 2
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7. Would you be likely to find a 15-carbon fatty acid in a food?:
Answer No
- What do we mean when we say that a fatty acid is saturated? Monounsatu- rated?
Polyunsaturated?:
Answer Saturated - when each carbon has two hydrogen atoms attached to it Unsaturated - when two of the hydrogens are now absent around two central carbons and replaced with a double bond between carbons Monounsaturated - has one double bond Polyunsaturated - has two or more double bonds
- Compared to a saturated fatty acid, for every double bond in an unsaturat- ed fatty
acid, hydrogens are missing.:
Answer 2
10. What does the term "omega" refer to in a fatty acid?:
Answer It tells you where the first double bond is in the unsaturated fatty acid when counting starting from the omega end
- How do you know if a fatty acid is an "omega-3" or an "omega-6"?:
Answer If the first double bond is between the 3rd and 4th carbons (from the omega end) it is an omega-3.If the first double bond is between the 6th and 7th carbons (from the omega end) it is an omega-6
- If we say that a fatty acid is a 22:6 fatty acid, what does this mean?:
Answer This means that the fatty acid is 22 carbons long and has 6 double bonds
- What is meant by "trans" fatty acids? How do they differ from "cis" fatty acids in
structure? Are these fatty acids saturated or unsaturated?:
Answer These fatty acids are unsaturated. Cis and Trans refers to the shape of the fatty acids.Cis - most unsaturated fatty acids found in nature have both the hydrogen atoms on the same
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