BIOS 195 quiz - 2. biotic environment –Answer the living orga...

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BIOS 195 quiz

• Ecology

–Answer the study of how organisms relate to one another and to their environ- ments

• biotic environment

–Answer the living organisms within an area, often referred to as a community

• abiotic environment

–Answer nonliving parts of an ecosystem

• Key elements of the abiotic environment

–Answer temperature, water, sunlight, soil

• Biosphere

–Answer Consists of all life on Earth and all parts of the Earth in which life exists, including land, water, and the atmosphere. Global processes

• Ecosystem

–Answer A biological community of interacting organisms and their physical environment. energy flux and cycling of nutrients

• Community

–Answer A group of interdependent organisms inhabiting the same region and interacting with each other. Interactions among populations.

• Population

–Answer A group of individuals that belong to the same species and live in the same area. population dynamics; the unit of evolution 1 / 3

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• Organism

–Answer An individual living thing. survival and reproduction; the unit of natural selection

• homeostasis

–Answer a steady-state internal environment regardless of external envi- ronment

• conformers

–Answer conform to the environment in which they live

• advantages to homeostasis

–Answer has survival value because it means an animal can adapt to a changing environment

• disadvantages to homeostasis

–Answer requires the organism to invest effort into maintaining internal stability

• biologists use a domain grouping system

–Answer 3

• What are the 3 domains of life?

–Answer Bacteria, Archaea, Eukarya

• Eukarya

–Answer domain consisting of all organisms that have a nucleus; includes protists, plants, fungi, and animals

• plant life cycle

–Answer alternation of generations

• sporophyte

–Answer 2 / 3

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Diploid, or spore-producing, phase of an organism. Makes haploid spores by meiosis.

• gametophyte

–Answer The stage in the life cycle of a plant in which the plant produces gametes, or sex cells. haploid

• sporophyte produces haploid spores by

–Answer meiosis

• spores divide producing the gametophyte

–Answer mitotically

• gametophytes create gametes via

–Answer mitosis

• gametes fuse to form the

–Answer diploid sporophyte

• alteration of generations in plants

–Answer as we go through evolutionary time, the sporophyte becomes more important

• Algae

–Answer general term for autotrophic eukaryotes that lack embryos. Green are ancestors of land plants

• adaptations from water to land

–Answer

• protection from drying out (desiccation) by a waxy cuticle and stomata
• Evolution of leaves which increase photosynthetic surface area
• shift to a dominant vertical diploid generation
• evolution of vascular tissue (in some)
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