BIOS 242 Exam 2 - 2. Inorganic Nutrient –Answer An organism tha...

SUBSCRIBE

BIOS 242 Exam 2

• Organic Nutrient

–Answer An organism that contains carbon and hydrogen

• Inorganic Nutrient

–Answer An organism that does not contan carbon and hydrogen

• Phototroph

–Answer An organism that gains energy from light through photosynthesis

• Heterotroph

–Answer An organism that must obtain carbon in an organic form - they are dependent on other life forms

• Chemotroph

–Answer An organism that gains energy from chemical compounds - this means they eat things.Harvesting energy from the things they eat.

• Autotroph

–Answer An organism that gets its source of carbon from carbon dioxide an iorganic carbon source - referred to as the "self feeder"; They are NOT nutritionally dependent on other living things

• Photoautotroph

–Answer An organism that gains its energy from light rays and its carbon source from CO2 in the air

• Examples of a photoautotroph?

–Answer Photosynthetic organisms - algae, plants, Cyanobacteria 1 / 3

SUBSCRIBE

• What kind of organism is the basis of most food webs?

–Answer Photoautotrophs

• Chemoautotroph

–Answer An organism that gets its energy from eating things and gets its carbon source from inorganic compounds

• Examples of a Chemoautotroph

–Answer Only certain bacteria/archaea - methanogens, deep-sea vent bacteria

• Lithoautotroph

–Answer gets energy from inorganic materials - can actually digest rocks

• Chemoheterotrophs

–Answer derive energy from chemical energy in the food con- sumed; carbon source also comes from the food consumed

• What are humans classified as?

–Answer Chemoheterotrophs

• Aerobic Respiration

–Answer the principal energy-yielding pathway in where the final electron acceptor in the electron transport chain is oxygen (O2)

• Osmosis

–Answer movement of water across a permeable membrane

• Simple Diffusion

–Answer The movement of molecules from a higher concontration to a lower concentration 2 / 3

SUBSCRIBE

• Facilitated Diffusion

–Answer a molecule binds to a specific carrier protein that changes the shape of the cell and carries the molecule across the membrane

• Active Transport

–Answer uses ATP to transport things into the cell against the concen- tration gradient

• Group Translocation

–Answer form of active transport that couples a transport of a nutrient with its conversion to another form

• Permeases Pumps

–Answer

–Answer these structures pump things in and out of the cell - most of the time its waste going out of the cell

• Endocytosis

–Answer The transport of large molecules cell via the vacuoles enveloping or swallowing the molecules into the cell for further digestion

• Exocytosis

–Answer The opposite of endocytosis - releasing whatever is in the vacuole out of the cell

• Phagocytosis

–Answer the ingestion of solid matter into the cell like bacteria or another cell

• Pinocytosis

–Answer the ingestion of liquid matter into the cell

• Cardinal Temperatures

–Answer

• / 3