BIOS 251 Chapter 5 exams

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BIOS 251 Chapter 5 exams

• integumentary system

–Answer is composed of the skin, hair, oil and sweat glands, nails, and sensory receptors.

• skin

–Answer also known as the cutaneous membrane, covers the external surface of the body and is the largest organ of the body in weight

• epidermis

–Answer superficial, thinner portion, which is composed of epithelial tissue, avascular

• dermis

–Answer deeper, thicker connective tissue portion, vascular

• hypodermis

–Answer also known as the subcutaneous layer, this layer consists of areolar and adipose tissues

• functions of integumentary system

–Answer

• Regulates body temperature.
• Stores blood.
• Protects body from external environment.
• Detects cutaneous sensations.
• Excretes and absorbs substances.
• Synthesizes vitamin D. 1 / 2

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• keratinocyte

–Answer about 90% of epidermal cells, which are arranged in four or five layers and produce the protein keratin

• keratin

–Answer is a tough, fibrous protein that helps protect the skin and underlying tissues from abrasions, heat, microbes, and chemicals

• melanocyte

–Answer about 8% of epidermal cells, which develop from the ectoderm of a developing embryo and produce the pigment melanin

• melanin

–Answer is a yellow-red or brown-black pigment that contributes to skin color and absorbs damaging ultraviolet (UV) light

• langerhans cells

–Answer arise from red bone marrow and migrate to the epidermis, constitute small portion of epidermal cells, they participate in immune responses and are easily damaged by UV light; also known as intraepidermal macrophages

• merkel cells

–Answer are the least numerous of the epidermal cells, they are located in the deepest layer of the epidermis, where they contact the flattened process of a sensory neuron (nerve cell), a structure called a tactile disc or Merkel disc; associated with touch sensation; also known as tactile epithelial cells

• thin skin

–Answer four stratum layers - stratum basale, stratum spinosum, stratum granulosum, and a thin stratum corneum

• thick skin

–Answer

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