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Bios 252 Final Test
- Communities
- Functional group
- Food web
- Trophic Levels
- Horizontal Interactions
- Species Diversity
- Species richness
- Species Evenness
–Answer Groups of interacting species that occur together at the same place and time.
–Answer A subset of a community that includes species that function in similar ways but may or may not use similar resources.
–Answer a representation of the trophic or energetic connections among species within a community.
–Answer groups of species that have similar ways of interacting and obtaining energy.
–Answer non-trophic interactions, such as competition and pos- itive interactions.
–Answer a measure that combines species richness (number of species) and their abundances compared with those of the other species (species evenness).
–Answer Easiest metric to determine; simply counts all the species in the community.
–Answer Tells us the commonness or rarity of species; need to know abundance of each species in a community. 1 / 3
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- What equation do we use to find a number of species diversity indices?
- Shannon Index Equation
- Species Composition
- Trophic Cascade
- Trophic Facilitation
- Foundation Species
–Answer - Shannon Index
–Answer H= the Shannon index value Pi= the proportion of individuals found in the -ith species Ln= natural log s= number of species in the community.
–Answer the identity of the species present in the community.
–Answer When the rate of consumption at one trophic level results in a change in species abundance or composition at lower trophic levels.Example –Answer When sea otters consume urchins which allows for the kelp forests to grow.
–Answer Occurs when a consumer is indirectly helped by a positive interaction between its prey and another species.Example –Answer When Juncus was removed, Iva growth rate decreased. But when Iva was removed, Junca was not affected.
–Answer The total affect of the species is proportionate to the size and abundance of the species. 2 / 3
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Example –Answer Trees are big and abundant, their affect is also great.Song birds are small and less abundant, they have little affect on the envionment.
- Keystone species
- Ecosystem Engineers
- Beavers
- Killer Algae
- / 3
–Answer Their total affect as a species in not to their abundance.Example –Answer Pisasters, sea otters
–Answer Species that are able to create, modify, or maintain physical habitats for themselves and other species.Example –Answer Trees Tree roots aerate soil, fallen trees can serve as nurse logs, fallen leaves provide habitat for invertebrates/seeds/microbes, trees affect temperature and moisture by reducing effects of sun/wind/rain.
–Answer Keystone species and engineers Damming streams creates networks of different types of wetlands-- increasing biodiversity.
What was the invasive organism? Where did it come from?How did it spread?What were its affects?How can scientists stop its growth?–Answer