Bios 254 Midterm exam

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Bios 254 Midterm exam

• Motion sickness seems to .

(a) Result from activation of nausea centers in the brain stem (b) Result from mismatch between visual and vestibular inputs (c) Respond best to medication that "boosts" vestibular inputs (d) Respond best to medication taken after salivation and pallor begins –Answer (b) Result from mismatch between visual and vestibular inputs

• What prevents the eyelids from sticking together when the eyes close?

(a) Conjunctival fluid (b) Tarsal gland secretions (c) Lacrimal fluid (d) Ciliary gland secretions –Answer (b) Tarsal gland secretions

• The only special sense not fully functional at birth is the sense of .

(a) Vision (b) Hearing (c) Equilibrium (d) Taste (e) Smell –Answer (a) Vision

• Which of the following structures is not part of the external ear?

(a) Tympanic membrane (b) External acoustic meatus (c) Pinna (d) Pharyngotympanic tube –Answer (d) Pharyngotympanic tube 1 / 4

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• Which of the following is not a possible cause of conduction deafness?

(a) Otosclerosis (b) Middle ear infection (c) Impacted cerumen (d) Cochlear nerve degeneration –Answer (d) Cochlear nerve degeneration

• Seventy percent of all sensory receptors are located in the .

(a) Nose (b) Ears (c) Eye (d) Skin –Answer (c) Eye

• Select the correct statement about equilibrium.

(a) Hair cells of both types of equilibrium hyperpolarize only, resulting in an increased rate of impulse transmission.(b) Cristae respond to angular acceleration and deceleration.(c) Due to dynamic equilibrium, movement can be perceived if rotation of the body continues at a constant rate.(d) The weight of the endolymph contained within the semicircular canals

against the maculae is responsible for static equilbrium.–Answer (b) Cristae respond to angular acceleration and deceleration.

• The receptor membranes of gustatory cells are .

(a) Gustatory hairs (b) Basal cells (c) Taste buds (d) Fungiform papillae –Answer (a) Gustatory hairs 2 / 4

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• Visual processing in the thalamus does not contribute significantly to

.(a) High-acuity vision (b) Movement perception (c) Night vision (d) Depth perception –Answer (c) Night vision

• Visual inputs to the serve to synchronize biorhythms with natural light

and dark.(a) Pretectal nuclei (b) Superchasmatic nucleus (c) Superior colliculi (d) Lateral geniculate body –Answer (b) Superchasmatic nucleus

• Which of the following taste sensations is incorrectly matched to the chemicals that

produce it?(a) Sour - acids (b) Salty - metal ions (c) Bitter - alkaloids (d) Sweet - organic substances such as sugar and some lead salts (e) Umami - triglycerides and fatty acids –Answer (e) Umami - triglycerides and fatty acids

• Most newborns .

(a) Are myopic (b) Cry with copious tears (c) See in tones of red and green only (d) Often use only one eye at a time –Answer (d) Often use only one eye at a time 3 / 4

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• Which of the following is true about light and vision?

(a) Light is a form of electromagnetic radiation that slows down as it enters a medium of relatively less density.(b) When we see the color of an object, all light is being absorbed by that object except for the color being experienced.(c) Human photoreceptors respond to light in the 100-300nm range.(d) The greater the incident angle of light striking a refractive surface, the less

the amount of light bending.–Answer (b) When we see the color of an object, all light is being absorbed by that object except for the color being experienced.

• Farsightedness is more properly called .

(a) Hypopia (b) Myopia (c) Presbyopia (d) Hyperopia –Answer (d) Hyperopia

• Select the correct statement about olfaction.

(a) Olfactory adaptation is only due to fading of receptor cell response.(b) Substances must be volatile and hydrophobic in order to activate olfactory receptors.(c) Olfactory receptors have a high degree of specificity toward a single type of chemical.(d) Some of the sensation of olfaction is actually one of pain.–Answer (d) Some of the sensation of olfaction is actually one of pain.

• The first vestiges of eyes in the embryo are called .

(a) Optic cups (b) Optic discs (c) Optic vesicles (d) Mesenchyme –Answer

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