Bios 254 MIDTERM exam 1

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Bios 254 MIDTERM exam 1

• hemorrhage

–Answer loss of blood from the vessels by flow through ruptured walls; bleeding

• passive immunity

–Answer the short-term immunity that results from the introduction of antibodies from another person or animal.

• Hormones produced in what organ assists with normal development of the immune response

–Answer thymus

• What happens if cardiac muscle is deprived of normal blood supply?

–Answer de- creased delivery of Oxygen

• Aqeuous Humor

–Answer the clear fluid filling the space in the front of the eyeball between the lens and the cornea.

• cornea

–Answer front window, transmits and focuses light into the eye

• lens

–Answer focuses light rays onto the retina, transparent

• iris

–Answer the colored part of the eye, which is the muscle that controls the size of the pupil, helps regulate how much light enters the eye

• pulmonary circulation 1 / 3

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–Answer the movement of blood between the heart and the lungs for oxygenation, then back to the heart again

• what stimulates olfactory cells and taste buds?

–Answer substances in solution (mucus and saliva)

• Where are receptors for hearing located?

–Answer cochlear duct

• electrocardiogram waves

–Answer (ECG/EKG) graphic record of electrical activity of the heart

• pernicious anemia

–Answer deficiency of vitamin B12

• aplastic anemia

–Answer destruction or inhibition of red bone marrow

• sickle cell anemia

–Answer a genetic disorder that causes abnormal hemoglobin, re- sulting in some red blood cells assuming an abnormal sickle shape

• Polycythemia

–Answer A disorder characterized by an abnormal increase in the number of red blood cells that increase blood viscosity

• Inspiratory Capacity (IC)

–Answer

TV + IRV

• Tidal Volume (TV) 2 / 3

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–Answer volume of air inhaled or exhaled in a normal breath

• Expiratory Reserve Volume (ERV)

–Answer Amount of air that can be forcefully exhaled after a normal tidal volume exhalation

• Vital Capacity (VC)

–Answer The difference between the minimum and maximum vol- ume of air in the lungs

(TV+IRV+ERV)

• primary immune response (humoral immunity)

–Answer antigen invader -> B cell meets antigen -> B cell differentiates into the plasma cells and memory cells -> plamsa cells produce anitbodies -> antibodies eliminate antigen

• essential part of the maculae involved in static equilibrium

–Answer otolith

• What is the role of interferon in defense against disease?

–Answer protects cells that have not yet been infected by viruses

• Aldosterone

–Answer a hormone secreted by the adrenal cortex that regulates sodium and potassium balance in the blood

• Why is the left ventricular wall of the heart thicker than the right?

–Answer it pumps blood at a higher pressure and it has a further distance to travel (goes to all areas of the body)

• Why is the posterior lobe of the pituitary gland not a true endocrine gland?

–Answer it is a hormone storage area that recives hormones from the hypothalamus for release

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