BIOS 254 midterm study guide

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BIOS 254 midterm study guide

• Olfaction is the sense of

–Answer smell

• The three types of cones are designated

–Answer red, green, and blue

• What part of the inner ear is involved in hearing? utricle

cochlea vestibule saccule –Answer cochlea

• What unit of light stimulates photoreceptor cells in the retina? refractive

index gamma ray photon glutamate –Answer photon

• Which of the following is a primary endocrine organ?

–Answer thyroid gland

• Which hormone acts as a potent anti-inflammatory agent? cortisol

epinephrine aldosterone insulin 1 / 4

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–Answer cortisol

• Where are releasing and inhibiting hormones made? thyroid

gland posterior pituitary (neurohypophysis) hypothalamus anterior pituitary (adenohypophysis) –Answer hypothalamus

• What is a major function of the endocrine system?

The endocrine system communicates directly with target cells through the use of neurotransmitters.The endocrine system releases hormones into the bloodstream to reach

receptors on target cells.The endocrine system produces immediate, short-lasting effects.The endocrine system secretes products into ducts that lead to body surfaces or cavities.–Answer The endocrine system releases hormones into the bloodstream to reach receptors on target cells.

• What is the primary effect of antidiuretic hormone (ADH, or vasopressin)? sodium

retention by the kidneys water retention by the kidneys increases urine production by the kidneys blood glucose regulation –Answer water retention by kidneys

• Blood in the right atrium should travel next past the

–Answer tricuspid valve and into the right ventricle.mitral valve and into the left ventricle. pulmonary trunk to the pulmonary capillaries.pulmonary valve and into the pulmonary trunk.–Answer 2 / 4

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tricuspid valve and into the right ventricle.

• The coronary sinus does NOT receive blood from the

–Answer brachiocephalic vein.great cardiac vein.middle cardiac vein.small cardiac vein.–Answer brachiocephalic vein

• Which of the following is NOT a population of pacemaker cells in the heart? sinoatrial (SA)

node papillary muscles atrioventricular (AV) node Purkinje fiber system –Answer papillary muscles

• Which vessel supplies the systemic circuit with oxygenated blood? pulmonary

trunk aorta superior vena cava coronary sinus –Answer aorta

• The pulmonary circuit involves blood flow from the heart to and from the

–Answer lungs

• What two values are needed to calculate mean arterial pressure (MAP)? diastolic

pressure and systolic pressure stroke volume and cardiac output

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blood vessel length and blood vessel radius heart rate and peripheral resistance –Answer diastolic pressure and systolic pressure

• Determine fluid movement when hydrostatic pressure exceeds colloid osmotic

pressure at the arteriolar end of the capillary.water is pushed into the capillary by absorption water is pushed of the capillary by filtration there is no net movement of water water is pulled into the capillary by absorption –Answer water is pushed of the capillary by filtration

• All leukocytes arise from

–Answer

myeloid stem cells. hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs). lymphoid stem cells.leukoblasts.–Answer hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs).

• Which type of leukocyte may produce antibodies?

neutrophil lymphocyte eosinophil monocyte –Answer lymphocyte

• Which blood type is compatible with B- during a transfusion?

–Answer O-

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