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BIOS 256 EXAM 3
- Describe the chemical composition of Carbohydrates, Lipids and Proteins(
identify their monomers).:
Answer Carbohydrates: Monosaccharides
Lipids: Fatty acid and glycerol
Proteins: Amino acids
2. define hydrolysis:
Answer reaction that breaks a covalent bond in a molecule by addingan OH group to one side of the bond and H to the other side, thus consuming a water molecule.
3. define Anabolism:
Answer process that builds food molecules into complex chemicalcompounds
4. define Catabolism:
Answer process that breaks food molecules down, releasing theirstored energy; oxygen used in catabolism
5. define Dehydration Synthesis:
Answer the creation of larger molecules from smallermonomers where a water molecule is released
- List and describe the functions of the following vitamins: Vitamin A, Vitamin
B12, Vitamin C, Vitamin D, Vitamin E:
Answer A: Used in visual pigments; antioxidant B12: Coenzyme required for erythropoiesis
C: Hemoglobin synthesis ; Collagen synthesis ;
Structure of connective tissues ; Antioxidant
D: Promotes calcium absorption and bone mineralization
E: Antioxidant
7. insulin function: - 1 / 2
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Answer Promotes glycolysis and absorption of glucose into cells -Inhibits gluconeogensis -Lowers blood sugar when it is too high
8. Glucagon function:
Answer -Promotes gluconeogenesis and glyconeogenolysis -Promotes lipolysis to make lipids available for fuel -Increases blood sugar when it is too low
9. Gastrin function:
Answer Stimulates acid secretion and gastric motility
10. Secretin function:
Answer regulation of gastric acid, regulation of pancreatic bicarbon-ate, Raises pH to the level required for pancreatic and intestinal digestive enzymes
11. Somatostatin function:
Answer Inhibits gastric secretion and motility; delays emptyingof stomach; inhibits secretion by pancreas; inhibits gallbladder contraction and bilesecretion; reduces blood circulation and nutrient absorption in small intestine
12. Identify the hormone that will dominate in the post absorptive state.:
Answer Insulin
13. medulla oblongata function:
Answer regulating vital function (breathing, digestion,heart rate)
14. Hippocampus function:
Answer learning and memory
15. Thalamus function:
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