Bios 280 History and bacteria

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Bios 280 (History and bacteria)

• Leeuwenhoek (1673-1723)]

–Answer First to see all 3 shapes of bacteria, Animalcules, drawing of cells inspired book of micrographie.o

• Semmelweiss (1840s-60s)

–Answer First to connect hand washing and clean instru- ments to disease prevention, introduce use of lime juice water (asepsis).

• Pasteur

–Answer French chemist, wine and s-flask experiment, discovered pasteuriza- tion, disproved spontaneous generation of microorganisms, wrote germ theory of disease, proved microbes metabolize. (Golden age)

• Koch's

–Answer Prussian doctor, studied cause of anthrax in cattle, koch's postulates, proved germ theory of disease, developed most current staining and culture meth- ods, attenuation experiments.(Golden Age)

• Lister

–Answer (Golden age ) Father of aseptic surgery, expanded of semmelweiss meth- ods.

• Flemming

–Answer Discovered the first antibiotic, penicillin from penicillium notatum, dirty dish experiment, 1929

• Redi

–Answer Used first controlled experiment (meat jar) developed scientific method, disproved spontaneous generation of macro organisms. 1670s 1 / 2

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• Hooke

–Answer British scientist. Published book of leeuwenhoeks drawing of cells (micro- graphie). 1665

• Jenner

–Answer 1796, British doctor. Developed first vaccine against small pox from cowpox pus.

• Name the anatomical part of bacterium that can survive boiling?

–Answer En- dospores, dipicolinic acid provides heat stability.

• Name the anatomical part of bacterium for extra genes that initiate conju- gation of

bacteria.–Answer F plasmids using sex pili to connect cells

• Name the anatomical part of bacterium that stick to human host tissue and aren't easily

dislodged?–Answer Fimbrae hairlike projections of pilin proteins Glycocalyx capsule, biofilm and slime layer of polysaccharide/glycoprotein sur- rounding outside wall of bacterial cell.

• Name the anatomical part of bacterium that produce proteins?

–Answer Ribosomes 70s (80s in humans)

• Name the anatomical part of bacterium that can survive a hypotonic envi- ronment?

–Answer Cell wall. Mycoplasma lack a cell wall.

• Name the anatomical part of bacterium for extra genes that give the ability to survive

exposure to antibiotics?–Answer R plasmids. By pumping drugs out, enzymes degrade drug and enzymes that alter the drug.

• Name the structures/processes unique to bacteria, which may be drug targets. Give drug
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