BKAT Exam (Latest 2025/ 2026 Update) Questions & Answers| Grade A| 100% Correct (Verified Solutions) What to do first if patient has chest pain. - ANSWER Rest!ECG changes in an acute MI - ANSWER ST elevation in
- or more contiguous leads. Ischemia d/t full thickness loss of muscle.
EMERGENCY.
Inferior leads - ANSWER II, III, aVF. RCA occlusion.Septal leads - ANSWER V1 & V2.Anterior leads - ANSWER V1 - V4. LAD lesion.Lateral leads - ANSWER V5, V6, I, and aVL.Circumflex lesion.Cardiac enzymes - ANSWER Troponins, CK-MB, and CK Changes in CK - ANSWER Rise: 3-6 hours 1 / 3
Peak: 24 hours
Normal: 3-4 days
Changes in CK-MB - ANSWER Released after myocardial necrosis. Specific for myocardial damage.
Rise: 3-12 hours
Peak: 24 hours
Normal: 2-3 days
Troponin I - ANSWER Protein found in cardiac muscle.High sensitivity.
Rise: 3-12 hours
Peak: 24 hours
Normal: 5-10 days
Troponin T - ANSWER Protein found in cardiac muscle.High sensitivity.
Rise: 3-12 hours
Peak: 12-48 hours
Normal: 5-14 days
Common conditions that cause a murmur - ANSWER Aortic dissection, aortic regurgitation (both acute & chronic), mitral valve regurgitation (both acute & chronic), mitral valve stenosis Drugs to decrease afterload/SVR/PVR - ANSWER (Arterial Dilators) Nitroprusside, nitroglycerin, amrinone, alpha (Regitine) & Ca channel blockers 2 / 3
Drugs to increased afterload/SVR/PVR - ANSWER (Vasopressors) Epinepherine, norepinepherine, dopamine, neosynephrine Drugs to decrease contractility/SVI - ANSWER Beta blockers (atenolol, metoprolol, propranolol, labetolol, esmolol) and Ca channel blockers Drugs to increase contractility/SVI - ANSWER Positive inotropes, dobutamine, dopamine, milrinone, and digoxin Drugs to decrease preload/CVP/PAWP - ANSWER Venous Dilators - Nitroglycerin, nitroprusside, amrinone, alpha & Ca channel blockers Diuretics - Furosemide, bumex, mannitol Drugs to increase preload/CVP/PAWP - ANSWER Volume - Colloid, crystalloids, blood, hetastarch Dysrhythmia control - antirhythmics, pacemaker, AICD Complications when using thrombolytics - ANSWER Allergic reaction, bleeding/hemorrhage, stroke Failure to capture - ANSWER Pacer delivers a stimulus at the appropriate time but no depolarization occurs. No P or QRS wave after pacer spike.Failure to fire/pace - ANSWER No pacer spikes seen
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