BSC 1010 Exam One Questions with Complete Solutions Evolution - Correct Answer The process of change that has transformed life from its beginnings to the astounding array of organisms today Biology - Correct Answer The scientific study of life Emergent Properties - Correct Answer New properties that arise with each step upward in the hierarchy of lice, owing the arrangement and interactions of parts as complexity increases Reductionism - Correct Answer The approach of reducing complex systems to simpler components that are more manageable to study Systems Biology - Correct Answer An approach to studying biology that aims to model the dynamic behavior of whole biological systems based on a study of the interactions among the system's parts Cell - Correct Answer The smallest unit of organization that can perform all required activities Prokaryotic Cell - Correct Answer A type of cell lacking a membrane-enclosed nucleus and membrane-enclosed organelles Eukaryotic Cell - Correct Answer A type of cell with a membrane-enclosed nucleus and membrane- enclosed organelles Deoxyribonucleic Acid (DNA) - Correct Answer A nucleic acid molecule, usually a double-stranded helix, in which each polynucleotide strand consists of nucleotide monomers with a deoxyribose sugar and the nitrogenous base adenine (A), cytosine (C), guanine (G), and thymine (T); capable of being replicated and determining the inherited structure of a cell's proteins Gene - Correct Answer A discrete unit of hereditary information consisting of a specific nucleotide sequence in DNA Gene Expression - Correct Answer The process by which information encoded in DNA directs the synthesis of proteins or, in some cases, RNAs that are not translated into proteins and instead function as RNAs 1 / 2
Bioinformatics - Correct Answer The use of computers, software, and mathematical models to process and integrate biological information from large data sets Hypothesis - Correct Answer A testable explanation for a set of observations based on the available data and guided by inductive reasoning Data - Correct Answer Recorded observations Qualitative - Correct Answer In the form of recorded descriptions Quantitative - Correct Answer A type of information generally expressed as numerical measurements and often organized into tables or graphs Inductive Reasoning - Correct Answer A type of logic in which generalizations are based on a large number of specific observations Deductive Reasoning - Correct Answer A type of logic in which specific results are predicted from a general premise Controlled Experiments - Correct Answer An experiment in which an experimental group is compared with a control group that varies only in the factor being tested Theory - Correct Answer An explanation that is broader in scope than a hypothesis, generates new hypotheses, and is supported by a large body of evidence Model - Correct Answer A physical or conceptual representation of a natural phenomenon Science - Correct Answer An approach to understanding the natural world Technology - Correct Answer The application of scientific knowledge for a specific purpose, often involving industry or commerce but also including uses in basic research Matter - Correct Answer Anything that takes up space and has mass
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