NUR 300 Lungs
- Thorax/chest
Answer Cage of bone, cartilage and muscle that moves as lung expands
- In class question**
Name thorax landmarks
Answer -Costal margins
-Sternal notch -Clanicle
- Anterior thorax landmarks
Answer -Sternum
-Manubrium -Xiphoid Process -Coastal Cartilage
- Costochrondritis
Answer -An inflammation of the cartilage that connects a rib to the breastbone.
- Sternal Angle
Answer Also called the angle of Louis
-articulation of the manubrium and body of sternum.-Continuous with the 2nd rib 1 / 3
-Useful place to start counting ribs
- Intercostal spaces
Answer -numbered by the rib above it
-spaces between ribs
- Lateral Thorax
Answer -12 pairs of ribs
--8,9,10 continous ribs
- Posterior Thorax
Answer -12 thoracic vertabrae
-All 12 ribs are attached to vertabrae -Upper 7 ribs attached to ant. to sternum by costal cartilage -last 2 ribs 11, 12, not attached anteriorly
- Diaphragm and Intercostals
Answer -Muscles of inspiration
-External intercostal muscles increase anterioposterior space during inspiration.-Internal intercostals decrease transverse diameter during expiration.-Diaphragm moves downward during insp. enlarging the space.-With expiration the diaphragm goes up.
- Sternocleidomastoid and trapezius
Answer -Accessory muscles of inspiration 2 / 3
- Interior chest- 3 major spaces
Answer -Right and left pleural cavities
-Mediastinum-Heart cavity and thymus gland too -Parietal plurae lines outside of pleural cavities and visceral plurae lines inside. Serous membrane that encloses lung.
- Diaphragm
Answer -Diaphragm moves down during inspiration up during expiration
- Pleuritis
Answer Inflammation of the pleura
- Lungs
Answer -paired but not symmetric, elastic and spongy
-Rt 3 lobes -Lt 2 lobes
-Each lobe has blood vessels, lymphatics, nerves, alveolar ducts, connecting with alveoli. (300 mill in adult) -Shaped by elastic sub pleural tissue that limits expansion -Each one is conical- apex rounded, extends approx 4 cms about first rib into base of neck in the adult -Posterior apices of lung rise to T 1.-Lower borders descend on deep insp to about T 12. Rise on forced T 9 .-Base of each lung is broad and concave, resting on concave surface of diaphragm
- RSV- Respiratory Synctial Virus
- / 3
Answer -Bronchiolitis