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Fundamentals of Canadian Nursing 4th Canadian Edition Kozier Test Bank Fundamentals of Canadian Nursing, 4e (Kozier) Chapter 1 Historical and Contemporary Nursing Practice
1) What concepts did Florence Nightingale, the first nursing theorist, include in her definition of nursing?
- Caring for the sick and being trained housekeepers
- Using fresh air, cleanliness, diet, and warmth
- Understanding the concept of health promotion
- Blending religion and work life to own and manage hospitals
Answer: B
Explanation: A) Incorrect. Florence Nightingale raised the status of nursing through education.Nurses were no longer untrained housekeepers but persons educated in the care of the sick.
- Correct. Florence Nightingale is considered the first nursing theorist and described nursing in
- Incorrect. In 1960 Virginia Henderson's more modern definition included care of the
- Incorrect. French-Canadian religious communities owned and managed hospitals, blending
1860 as the "use of fresh air, light, warmth, cleanliness, quiet and the proper selection and administration of diet."
individual sick or well. This care of individuals who are well indicated an understanding of the concept of health promotion.
religion and work life.
Type: MC
Learning Outcome: 1-1
2) Which group commonly provided midwifery and childhood illnesses care to Canada's white settlers?
- Victorian Order of Nurses
- First Nations women
- The Quiet Revolution of Quebec
- Newfoundland outport nurses
Answer: B
Explanation: A) Incorrect. The Victorian Order of Nurses (VON) was not founded until 1897.
- Correct. First Nations women provided much needed help to white settlers. This help was
- Incorrect. The Quiet Revolution in Quebec took place in the 1960s.
- Incorrect. Outport nursing did not emerge until the time the VON was established.
critical to the survival of the new white communities. The expertise was particularly in the areas of midwifery and childhood illnesses.
Type: MC
Learning Outcome: 1-1 1 / 4
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3) What are some characteristics of theoretical definitions of nursing?
- The interrelationship among nurses, nursing, the client, and health are described.
- An agreed-upon set of nursing tasks and expected outcomes are included.
- They were written before, or in the beginning of, the twentieth century.
- They are limited to simplistic common definitions of the nursing profession.
Answer: A
Explanation: A) Correct. Theoretical definitions of nursing are important because they go beyond simplistic common definitions. They describe what nursing is and the interrelationship among nurses, nursing, the client, and health.
- Incorrect. Theoretical definitions of nursing do not include listing nursing tasks and expected
- Incorrect. In he latter half of the twentieth century, a number of nurse theorists developed
- Incorrect. Theoretical definitions of nursing are important because they go beyond simplistic
outcomes.
their own theoretical definitions of nursing.
common definitions. They describe what nursing is and the interrelationship among nurses, nursing, the client, and health.
Type: MC
Learning Outcome: 1-3
4) What is the role of the nurse who assists the client to identify and cope with stressful psychological or social problems?
- Teacher
- Counsellor
- Change agent
- Leader
Answer: B
Explanation: A) Incorrect. As a teacher, the nurse helps clients learn about their health and the health care procedures they need to perform to maintain or restore their health.
- Correct. As a counsellor the nurse provides emotional, intellectual and psychological support
- Incorrect. A change agent assists clients to make modifications in their own behaviour.
- Incorrect. A nurse leader may be employed at different levels: individual, client, family,
in normal adjustment difficulties.
groups of clients, colleagues, or the community.
Type: MC
Learning Outcome: 1-6 2 / 4
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5) In Canada, by the late nineteenth century, what was one effect of immigration, urbanization, and concepts around the transmission and treatment of diseases?
- The abolishment of germ theory
- Formal training programs for nurses
- Improved sanitation and sewage systems
- Medical treatment in clients' homes
Answer: B
Explanation: A) Incorrect. A gradual acceptance of germ theory in disease transmission and the availability of anaesthesia helped to increase confidence in the idea of scientific medicine.
- Correct. Immigration, growing urbanization, and changing concepts around the transmission
- Incorrect. Early Canadian towns and cities were plagued by inadequate sanitation and sewage
- Incorrect. Wealthy patrons initially established hospitals during the late nineteenth century as
and treatment of diseases contributed to the push for formally trained nurses by the late nineteenth century.
systems. Waves of infectious diseases, such as typhus, influenza, and smallpox regularly devastated both immigrant and native populations (Cassel, 1994).
philanthropic institutions that served the increasingly visible "sick poor." Perceptions of increased therapeutic efficacy inclined the better‐off classes to choose care in medical institutions over treatments (including surgeries) in their homes.
Type: MC
Learning Outcome: 1-3
6) One of the four areas of nursing practice is restoring health. Which of the following is reflective of this area?
- A street nurse caring for a person with a history of substance use
- A public health nurse educating a class which includes a child with a severe peanut allergy
- A research nurse investigating the effects of an aerial spray for gypsy moth control
- A nurse providing prenatal and infant care to a group of clients
Answer: A
Explanation: A) Correct. Restoring health includes rehabilitating clients to their optimal functional level following physical or mental illness, injury, or chemical addiction.
- Incorrect. Prevention measures focus on preventing disease through programs and initiatives.
- Incorrect. Investigating the effects of aerial spraying would be included in the area of
- Incorrect. Prevention measures focus on preventing disease through programs and initiatives.
This would be included in the area of promoting health and wellness.
preventing disease.
Some examples of prevention services are prenatal care.
Type: MC
Learning Outcome: 1-5 3 / 4
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7) Virginia Henderson's definition of nursing differs from that of Florence Nightingale. Which of the following is reflected in the definition proposed by Henderson?
- Nurses interact with clients only when recovery is feasible.
- Only those educated as nurses can be defined as nurses.
- Teaching clients about their health is a role of the physician.
- Nursing care is provided to both well and ill individuals.
Answer: D
Explanation: A) Incorrect. Henderson acknowledged that nurses interact with clients even when recovery may not be feasible.
- Incorrect. Henderson's definition of nursing did not address who could be called a nurse.
- Incorrect. Henderson stressed the advocacy and teaching roles of the nurse.
- Correct. Florence Nightingale is considered the first nursing theorist and described nursing in
1860 as "use of fresh air, light, warmth, cleanliness, quiet and the proper selection and administration of diet." This description has been expanded on over the years and in 1960 Virginia Henderson's more modern definition included care of the individual sick or well. This care of individuals who are well indicated an understanding of the concept of health promotion.
Type: MC
Learning Outcome: 1-1
8) Which of the following describes nursing practice standards?
- Nursing practice standards are set by the national nursing association.
- Policy and procedures for nursing practice are guided by nursing standards.
- They represent minimal acceptable requirements for quality nursing care.
- Standards act as suggested guidelines for acute care nursing practice.
Answer: C
Explanation: A) Incorrect. Nursing practice standards are set by each provincial jurisdiction.
- Incorrect. Policies and procedures are determined by the agencies employing health care
- Correct. The overall purpose of practice standards is to provide a guideline for determining
- Incorrect. Practice standards guide quality nursing care in all settings, not just acute care.
personnel.
the quality of nursing care a client receives.
Type: MC
Learning Outcome: 1-5
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