CAS Review - Exam 1 - NR 341, complex exam 1 Latest Update 2024-2025 Actual Exam 400 Questions and 100% Verified Correct Answers Guaranteed A+ Verified by Professor
*CPOT* - CORRECT ANSWER: critical care pain observation tool
-scale of 0 thru 8 used to quantify non-verbal pain
-observe minimum of :01
-greater than 3 indicates pain.
1. Facial: Grimacing-2
2. Body movements: restelessness/ agitation-2
3a. Ventilator compliance (intubated):fighting vent-2
3b. Vocalization (extubated):cyring out/sobbing-2
4. Muscle tension:very tense/ rigid-2
1st degree heart block - CORRECT ANSWER: PR interval >0.20
e/t rheumatic feer, digoxin, beta blocker, inferior MI, Increase vagal tone
A shunt
occurs when?
two types? - CORRECT ANSWER: occurs when blood leavers the heart without getting gas exchange
1.anatomic: ventriocular septal defect
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- Intrapulmonary: blood flows through pulmonary capillaries without getting gas
exchange. occurs during ARDS,
A: Assessment of pain - CORRECT ANSWER: -regional anesthesia/ nonopioid adjuncts -analgesia-based sedation tech. w/ fentanyl
ABG ranges - CORRECT ANSWER: pH 7.35-7.45
PaCO2 35-45
HCO3 22-26
PaO2 80-100
absolute refractory period - CORRECT ANSWER: -muscle cell is depolarized so cannot respond to another stimulus
AC Mode of Ventilation - CORRECT ANSWER: -*go to mode*
-volume control, set to 500-600mL -same volume w/ every breathe -monitor press (low 20's)
-Pt can take more breathes than what is set (set: 15, Pt takes 10 = 25 =>
Hyperventilation
Concern:
-Hyperventilation -Resp. Alk.
ex:
Vt: 6-8L/ kg (with ideal weight) = 500mL
RR: 12-20
PEEP: 0-5
FiO2: 100%
Flow: 40-60L/min 2 / 4
Acid base relationship with Resp. distress - CORRECT ANSWER: -starts as Resp. alk -ends with Resp. acidosis
acute respiratory failure:
define? - CORRECT ANSWER: results when one of both o2 and co2 is impaired. as in insufficent o2 transferred to blood to insufficent co2 removed from the lungs
Adenosine - CORRECT ANSWER: -MOA: slows conduction of AV node and interrupts AV nodal reentry circuits -Admin: A/C IV site, 6 mg pushed rapidly followed by 20 mL NS, can repeat with 12mg
-Tx: fast atrial rhythms, slow down, may convert
-nursing implications: Pt may asystole for 15 seconds, educate Pt, chest pain,
headache, if asthma: may complain of chest tightness/ bronchospasm
adjuncts to general anesthesia:
benzos: midazolam, diazepam, lorazepam:
MOA?
careful with what other drug?
reverse drug? - CORRECT ANSWER: reduce anxiety, induce and maintain anesthesia,
induce amnesia (loss of memory), treat emergence delirium, supplement regional anesthesia
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-synergistic effect with opioids increasing potential for RR depression, low BP, sedation and confusion
flumazenil
adjuncts to general anesthesia:
neuromuscular blocking agents: Depolarizing agents like Succinylcholine:
good for what?
side effects? - CORRECT ANSWER: -ETT, by promoting skeletal muscle relaxation
(paralysis)
Resp muscle paralysis, confusion, N/V, weakness
adjuncts to general anesthesia:
neuromuscular blocking agents: Depolarizing agents like Succinylcholine:
if intubated monitor?
reverse drug? - CORRECT ANSWER: return of muscle strength, LOC, ventilation
maintain patients airway until able to cough and return muscle strength
neostigmine (prostigmin)
adjuncts to general anesthesia:
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