CESSWI 298 Exam Study Questions with Complete Solutions 100% Verified 2024/2025 Erosion - Correct Answer process in which, by the actions of wind and/or water, soil particles detached and transported Sediment - Correct Answer eroded material suspended in wind or water Sedimentation - Correct Answer deposition of eroded material Types of Erosion - Correct Answer splash sheet rill gully channel Splash erosion - Correct Answer raindrop impact energy is enough to dislodge surface sediments sheet erosion - Correct Answer caused by rain splash detaching soil particles lifting them up and removing them by shallow "sheets" of water flowing down the sloped soil surface Rill Erosion - Correct Answer as flow concentrates, small channels begin to form in the soil surface Gully Erosion - Correct Answer Formed when runoff cuts rills deeper and wider or when flows from several rills come together and form a large channels Channel Erosion - Correct Answer may become unstable due to increased flows or changes in upstream sediment load Natural erosion - Correct Answer generally considered due to the influences of climate on the surface of the earth 1 / 4
Accelerated erosion - Correct Answer natural erosion plus human activities What problems can accelerated erosion cause? - Correct Answer Unrestricted development removal of surface cover increased imperviousness poor stewardship Problems associated with construction related erosion - Correct Answer problems for down slope property owners nuisance problems on streets clog streams and storm drains increased turbidity downstream cover sensitive habitat with sediment Identify instream damages of sediment - Correct Answer destruction of spawning areas, food sources, habitat direct toxicity to wildlife lake degradation filling of navigation channels impacts to commercial fisheries reduction of water storage capacities Suspended material - Correct Answer sediment can affect light penetration, channel stability, fisheries and habitat Name Off stream damages - Correct Answer Increased flood hazards increased water treatment costs decreased capacity in conveyance facilities higher infrastructure maintenance costs 2 / 4
What has increased the amount of impervious surface in our watersheds? - Correct Answer Urbanization and development priority pollutants include - Correct Answer nutrients pathogens heavy metals toxics sediment salts detergents hydro carbons Clean Water Act (CWA) - Correct Answer Federal Water Pollution Control Act enacted to restore and maintain the chemical, physical and biological integrity of the waters of the US administered by USEPA Section 401 - Correct Answer water quality certification requires applicant, including any construction or operation of a facility, to obtain certification to discharge ANY pollutant.administered by the State Section 402 - Correct Answer NPDES Regs NPDES - Correct Answer National Pollutant Discharge Elimination System MS4 - Correct Answer Municipal Separate Storm Sewers Systems NURP - Correct Answer Nationwide Urban Runoff Program 3 / 4
1987-1983
led to EPA regulating stormwater Phase I (1987 - 1992) - Correct Answer already covered by NPDES permit facilities that engage in industrial activity Large municipal storm systems (>250,000) Medium municipal storms systems (100 - 250 K) facilities that EPA said were significant contributors Storm Water Implementation Rule - Correct Answer enacted April 1992, identified minimum requirements for NPDES stormwater permits Section 404 - Correct Answer regulates dredge / fill permitting into waters of the US administered by USACE CZARA - Correct Answer Coastal Zone Act Reauthorization Amendments (CZARA) of 1990 requires coastal zone states to develop Coastal Nonpoint Pollution Control Programs
section 6217 nonpoint source in coastal areas stormwater - Correct Answer stormwater runoff, snow melt runoff, and surface runoff and drainage NPDES stormwater regulation say - Correct Answer stormwater must be in any discernable, confined, and discrete conveyance, including but not limited to any pipe, ditch, channel, tunnel, well, discrete fissure, container, rolling stock, concentrated feeding operation....waters of the US - Correct Answer waters used for interstate or foreign commerce all interstate waters including wetlands all other waters, the use ofr degeration of which would affect interstate or foreign commerce
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