Chapter 01 Multiple Choice Questions

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Abnormal Psychology Perspectives 6th Edition Dozois Test Bank

Chapter 01: Concepts of Abnormality Throughout History

Chapter 01 Multiple Choice Questions

• Your housemate has been overly concerned with keeping the kitchen clean. In fact, he scrubs the sinks and

counters for half an hour each time someone puts something on them. In order to determine his diagnosis, a practitioner in North America would most likely consult the

• American Medical Association's Treatment Manual (AMA-TM).
• Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, fifth edition (DSM-5)
• International Statistical Classification of Diseases and Related Health Problems (ICD-10).
• Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, sixth edition (DSM-6).
• The North American Guide to Psychiatric Disorders (NAPD-IV).

Difficulty: 1

QuestionID: 01-1-01

Page-Reference: 2

Skill: Application

Answer: B) Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, fifth edition (DSM-5)

• Psychopathology refers to
• the same disorder as psychopathy.
• disorders of the brain.
• a physical cause to psychological problems.
• only severe psychological disorders.
• the study of the nature of psychological problems.

Difficulty: 2

QuestionID: 01-1-02

Page-Reference: 4

Skill: Factual

Answer: E) the study of the nature of psychological problems.

• According to the text, behaviour, speech or thought that impairs a person's ability to function in a way that is

generally expected of them in the context where the unusual functioning is occurring corresponds best to which of the following concepts?

• mental illness
• mental problem
• brain pathology
• psychological abnormality
• psychological disorder

Difficulty: 2

QuestionID: 01-1-03

Page-Reference: 4

Skill: Conceptual

Answer: D) psychological abnormality

4. According to Wakefield, a behaviour can be considered disordered when:

• there is evidence of failure in a designed function and a judgment that the design failure is harming the person. 1 / 4

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• there is evidence of failure in a designed function and evidence of significant personal distress.
• there is evidence of a failure in a designed function.
• the behaviour shows strong statistical deviation from an established norm.
• the behaviour is very different from sociocultural expectations.

Difficulty: 2

QuestionID: 01-1-04

Page-Reference: 5

Skill: Conceptual

Answer: A) there is evidence of failure in a designed function and a judgment that the design failure is harming the person.

• Abnormal behaviour has been defined as behaviour that occurs infrequently. Which of the following examples

illustrates a problem with this definition?

• People with IQs below 70 are considered to have abnormal intellectual functioning.
• Most people get depressed from time to time.
• Mathematical geniuses are considered rare in the population.
• Children often believe in the existence of monsters.
• Anxiety disorders are relatively rare in a given population.

Difficulty: 2

QuestionID: 01-1-05

Page-Reference: 4

Skill: Application

Answer: C) Mathematical geniuses are considered rare in the population.

• Dr. Smith is working with a client who has to arrange and rearrange her food on her plate after each bite.

Although her client does not find this behaviour strange, other people find it odd. The definition of abnormality applicable to this client is

• statistically unusual behaviour.
• violating the norms of society.
• distress to self and others.
• personal dysfunction.
• expert diagnosis.

Difficulty: 1

QuestionID: 01-1-06

Page-Reference: 6

Skill: Application

Answer: B) violating the norms of society.

• Perhaps the biggest problem with using inappropriate behaviour as a criterion for abnormal behaviour is
• what is considered appropriate differs across time and location.
• people with mental illnesses are usually not dangerous.
• social norms tend to be constant over time.
• inappropriate behaviour is often the norm in North American culture.
• killers and murderers are generally sane.

Difficulty: 2

QuestionID: 01-1-07

Page-Reference: 6

Skill: Conceptual

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Answer: A) what is considered appropriate differs across time and location.

8. The authors discuss the Violation of Cultural Norms criterion as:

• an essential and sufficient component in defining psychological abnormality
• a necessary but not sufficient component of defining abnormality
• a consideration that will often be relevant to defining abnormality
• distinct from considerations of psychological abnormality
• a distraction from considerations of abnormality

Difficulty: 2

QuestionID: 01-1-08

Page-Reference: 6

Skill: Conceptual

Answer: C) a consideration that will often be relevant to defining abnormality

• Which one of the following combinations of principles has been used to define abnormality?
• diagnosis by an expert, presence of personal distress, evidence of poor emotional control
• presence of personal distress, delinquent activity, poor emotional control
• violation of norms, abnormal intellectual functioning, presence of personal distress
• infrequency, presence of personal distress, impaired functioning
• psychiatric diagnosis, harmful dysfunction, abnormal intellectual functioning

Difficulty: 2

QuestionID: 01-1-09

Page-Reference: 7

Skill: Factual

Answer: D) infrequency, presence of personal distress, impaired functioning

• Which is the most sensible way to logically combine the criteria used to define psychological abnormality?
• [infrequency OR personal distress] AND impaired functioning
• [infrequency OR impaired functioning] AND personal distress
• infrequency AND [personal distress OR impaired functioning]
• infrequency AND personal distress AND impaired functioning
• infrequency OR personal distress OR impaired functioning

Difficulty: 3

QuestionID: 01-1-10

Page-Reference: 7

Skill: Application

Answer: C) infrequency AND [personal distress OR impaired functioning]

• Changes in the way that abnormality has been viewed over time has resulted in
• a clear understanding of the etiology of all mental disorders.
• effective treatments for all disorders.
• fewer diagnostic categories.
• high reliability of all diagnoses.
• a shift from supernatural to natural causes in explaining disorders.

Difficulty: 2

QuestionID: 01-1-11

Page-Reference: 8

Skill: Conceptual

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Answer: E) a shift from supernatural to natural causes in explaining disorders.

• If you lived in a society that explained changes in the weather as being influenced by the gods, you would

likely view madness as being caused by

• schizophrenia.
• demon possession.
• brain dysfunction.
• weakness of character.
• irrational thoughts.

Difficulty: 1

QuestionID: 01-1-12

Page-Reference: 8

Skill: Application

Answer: B) demon possession.

• What type of treatment was thought to be used by Stone Age people to treat madness?
• religious chanting
• death
• herbal brews to poison evil spirits
• trephination
• exorcism

Difficulty: 2

QuestionID: 01-1-13

Page-Reference: 8

Skill: Application

Answer: E) trephination

• Maher and Maher proposed that the real purpose of trephination during the Stone Age was to:
• relieve migraines
• promote blood circulation in the limbs
• to bring people closer to a higher power
• to remove blood clots caused by blows to the head
• promote greater blood flow to the brain

Difficulty: 2

QuestionID: 01-1-14

Page-Reference: 8

Skill: Factual

Answer: D) to remove blood clots caused by blows to the head

• To whom can we credit the original idea that dreams play an important role in understanding mental illness?
• Freud
• Aristotle
• Plato
• Hippocrates
• Galen

Difficulty: 2

QuestionID: 01-1-15

Page-Reference: 9

Skill: Factual

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